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Zinc Citrate Dihydrate brings together zinc with citric acid, forming a compound whose properties reach far across several industrial and nutritional spaces. It appears as a colorless to white material, with a crystalline structure that feels gritty to the touch. Zinc Citrate Dihydrate contains two molecules of water of crystallization, adding to its stability. If you dig down into the chemical specifics, this compound carries the formula C12H10O14Zn3·2H2O, detailing a molecular structure that underscores both its complexity and its practical potential. Professionals label it with the HS Code 29181590, placing it within the family of chemical compounds widely traded and regulated for both raw materials and added-value applications.
Walk into any material supply lab, and the Zinc Citrate Dihydrate you'll see takes various solid forms. Flakes, fine powder, or solid granules pop up most often. In pure states, the compound shows off a density around 2.3 g/cm³, which lets formulators balance mixing characteristics and finished product texture. Moisture content, thanks to those two water molecules, tends to hover near 10%. Under a microscope, the material’s crystalline nature stands out; the shiny pearls or crystalline powder highlight purity and consistent structure. It resists dissolving in alcohols, but drops into water with moderate ease, forming a solution that stays clear if you measure and stir it right. In my time handling such chemicals, uniform color and texture meant fewer headaches downstream, bringing confidence during manufacturing checks.
Each time you pull a sample from a drum of Zinc Citrate Dihydrate, there are numbers to keep in mind. Zinc makes up roughly 31% of the total mass, a figure certified by most batch analyses. Stringent limits on lead (less than 10 ppm), arsenic (below 2 ppm), and cadmium (below 5 ppm) steer this product toward health-related industries, since impurities could damage credibility with regulators or users. In my work with dietary supplement developers, maintaining these targets was more than a paperwork exercise—regulators expect testable, repeatable safety. Beyond supplementation, dental hygiene products, food fortification, and even certain paints see value in this ingredient; the solid, flaky, or pearled appearance fits many blending and compacting processes, which leaves fewer problems during container changes or machine cleaning.
Zinc Citrate Dihydrate shows stability under standard storage conditions, keeping its form and properties unless exposed to extended heat or strong acids. Reacting with powerful oxidizing agents can trigger decomposition, so chemical compatibility must be checked before blending. I’ve seen batches degrade rapidly in the wrong mixed solution, losing both color and efficacy. The molecular structure behaves predictably—a fact appreciated by formulation chemists trying out new delivery forms. Safe handling practices stem from its powdery nature; skin and eye irritation can crop up on direct exposure, and dust masks prevent inhalation risks. Material safety sheets list it as non-flammable, and many regulatory lists assign it a low hazard index, but this never replaces standard protective measures in busy production lines. Proper labeling, careful storage in sealed drums or bags away from heat, and regular air checks help avoid problems during handling.
Using Zinc Citrate Dihydrate daily brings a duty to understand both immediate dangers and larger environmental concerns. Acute toxicity sits low compared to other industrial chemicals, though high-dose exposure might still trigger gastrointestinal distress or mild irritations. Spillages need prompt sweeping and bagging—not washing into drains. After years watching batch handlers and cleaning crews, spills left to dry run the chance for fine airborne dust and potential zinc overexposure among workers. Long-term buildup in soils can upset natural zinc cycles, so responsible disposal aligns with green chemistry guidelines. From a raw material perspective, suppliers source zinc and citric acid sustainably now, recognizing that chain-of-custody affects both product reputation and regulatory compliance. Regular audits, clear documentation, and cross-checks using atomic absorption spectroscopy have helped keep quality on track for many manufacturers.
Zinc Citrate Dihydrate delivers versatility not just through purity but also its physical formats. Whether supplied as solid, crystalline flakes, granulated powders, large pearls, or even dissolved into precise liquid solutions, the format tailors the ingredient for exact application needs. Solutions require careful pH and concentration management; a liter of fully dissolved, pharmaceutical-grade material can deliver repeatable results in large-scale paste production or oral supplement mixing. Each solution batch calls for calibrated scales, filtered water, and stable mixing tanks; even small lapses in attention surface days later as aggregation or sediment, underlining the importance of strong in-process controls. Solid and powder states let industrial buyers measure easy bulk density and packing ratios, optimizing everything from drum fill-levels to automated dispensing rates. Reliable specifications avoid shortages or wastage, keeping production targets predictable.
Zinc Citrate Dihydrate remains a fixture across diverse material science and health sectors for good reason—purity, stability, and adaptability make it a workhorse. Companies and end users share a responsibility to track purity, use secure storage, follow clear labeling, and invest in cleanup and environmental safety procedures. As both regulatory oversight and customer expectations build, responsible sourcing and detailed material safety support trust. In my own professional work, every well-managed batch brought fewer production hiccups, fewer complaints, and stronger reputations for all involved.
