Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester: Product Overview, Properties, Structure, and Specifications

What Is Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester?

Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester forms when linolenic acid reacts with ethanol through esterification, giving rise to a compound that carries nutritional and industrial interest. Its molecular formula, C21H38O2, reflects a structure containing twenty-one carbon atoms, thirty-eight hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms. Often used in research and as an intermediate in dietary supplement production, this ester bridges chemistry and food technology. Cold-pressed oils, especially flaxseed, deliver the parent linolenic acid, which then undergoes processing for ester conversion. The resulting Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester appears as a clear, colorless to light yellow liquid, manifesting chemical predictability and relatively stable reactivity under controlled conditions.

Structure and Molecular Information

Examining the structure, Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester consists of a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid joined with an ethyl group. It possesses three double bonds at the 9, 12, and 15 positions, all in the cis configuration—this defines it as an omega-3 compound. The molecule retains flexibility due to these cis double bonds and resists tight packing, which influences its low melting point. Chemically, the molecular weight lands at 322.53 g/mol, informed by spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses in laboratory settings. Taking a closer look in an NMR or IR spectrum, the fingerprint of unsaturated chains and ethyl ester group shines through, confirming the identity for regulatory and manufacturing needs.

Physical and Chemical Properties

The density of Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester hovers near 0.89 g/cm³ at 20°C, reflecting the lighter nature of long-chain fatty esters compared to water. The compound typically stays in liquid form at room temperature due to the degree of unsaturation. As temperature drops, it may solidify, but unlike saturated counterparts, it will not crystallize easily. Laboratory settings sometimes present it as a bulk liquid, but flaked, powdered, or pearled forms remain uncommon—most manufacturers prefer liquid handling for purity and ease of transfer. About solubility, it shows little affinity for water but blends well with organic solvents and oils. This hydrophobic trait paves its way into oil-based formulations, including nutritional supplements, cosmetics, and synthesis reactions.

Product Specifications and Material Handling

Quality specifications track parameters such as ester content, acid value, color index, peroxide value, moisture, and residue on ignition. Common technical datasheets indicate purity levels above 95%, with color ranging from clear to pale yellow. The product flows easily in pipelines, containers, and storage tanks designed for food-grade or industrial esters. Safe material handling keeps Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester away from direct sunlight, excessive heat, and oxygen-rich environments to limit oxidative breakdown. Inert atmosphere storage, use of antioxidants, and prompt utilization extend shelf-life significantly. Manufactures package in glass, lined steel, or HDPE containers, depending on batch size and application domains.

HS Code and Regulatory Context

Classification under international trade falls within the HS Code 2916.19, which targets fatty acid esters and derivatives. Customs authorities in the United States and throughout the European Union recognize this code for duty and tax assessment. Documentation such as Certificates of Analysis, Safety Data Sheets, and compliance statements facilitate border clearance, traceability, and downstream use tracking in compliance with REACH, TSCA, and other chemical control frameworks. Supply chain transparency helps end-users confirm the purity, origin, and legal standing of each manufactured lot.

Safety, Hazards, and Health Aspects

From a safety perspective, Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester does not behave like harsh chemical solvents. Inhalation risk, acute toxicity, or strong irritation remain low under ordinary contact with intact skin, eyes, or through ingestion in regulated concentrations. Laboratory exposure to vapors or mist does not trigger acute, harmful symptoms, but caution arises with bulk chemicals and spills. Chronic ingestion or excessive exposure goes largely unstudied, though fatty acid esters in foodstuffs tend to fall under permitted ranges as food additives or supplement ingredients. Workers rely on lab coats, gloves, and goggles to minimize direct, repeated exposure, especially at large scale. Fire risk correlates to flashpoint, which typically sits above 120°C, suggesting low volatility yet recommending storage away from open flames or strong oxidizing agents to avert combustion hazards.

Chemical Use, Sourcing, and Raw Material Traceability

Industries trace raw materials for Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester primarily back to natural seed oils—flax, chia, and perilla provide abundant sources. Extraction and purification phases deliver linolenic acid, which undergoes esterification through reaction with food-grade ethanol over acid or biological catalysts. Maintaining traceability for each ingredient, especially in food or pharma channels, becomes an essential compliance and quality issue. Analytical labs perform GC or HPLC tests to verify origin and purity of linolenic acid and its ethyl ester. Manufacturers source bioethanol derived from renewable crops like maize or sugarcane, reducing fossil input and supporting sustainability claims. Regulatory audits expect transparent reporting of raw material identity, batch numbers, and supplier certifications, closing loopholes and limiting contamination or adulteration risks.

Application and Environmental Considerations

Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester claims significance in nutrition science, particularly for enriched oils and dietary supplementation. Omega-3 esters find favor as they show improved absorption and stability compared to free fatty acids. Research considers their metabolism, anti-inflammatory properties, and cardiovascular benefit. Cosmetics and personal care makers turn to this ester for its emollient properties, solvency, and mildness, blending it into skin creams, balms, and specialty soaps. Environmental impact discussions focus on renewability and biodegradability. Since production often employs plant-based fatty acids and ethanol, carbon footprint shrinks compared to petrochemical alternatives. Effluent management practices, solvent recycling, and controlled emissions factor into greener production. End-of-life, Linolenic Acid Ethyl Ester breaks down through normal environmental processes, lowering risk of persistence and bioaccumulation compared to synthetic organics like silicones or polyolefins.