Long before shelves packed with supplement bottles, Rhodiola rosea found its way into the daily grind of Siberian villagers and Viking seafarers. A hardy flower from harsh alpine ranges in Europe and Asia, folks leaned on it to battle fatigue, altitude sickness, and stress. Ancient records in Russian pharmacopoeia mention its use centuries ago. In traditional Chinese medicine, it played a role in staying alert and adapting to bitter climates. Decades back, Soviet researchers took these folk stories seriously and studied Rhodiola for use among soldiers and Olympic athletes. Today, interest in adaptogens and natural stress support has helped Rhodiola land a spot in modern wellness circles. This story shows that sometimes old wisdom gives rise to new health ideas.
In stores, most products labeled Rhodiola rosea extract come as capsules or powders, aiming to deliver what roots do in the wild—resiliency against physical and mental strain. Producers source roots from colder, less polluted regions. The best extracts standardize the level of active compounds: salidroside and rosavin. These drive most of the health benefits. Labels often promote use for energy, cognitive focus, or mood uplift. Dosage varies, but 200 to 600 milligrams tends to appear most often. Suppliers compete on purity, source transparency, and reliable testing, responding to consumer demand for traceable, quality products. Given the growing popularity, more options now bear certifications for quality, GMO-free status, and sustainable sourcing.
Dried Rhodiola root smells a bit sweet, reminiscent of old roses, with a light earthy note. Its extracts come out as fine, brownish-yellow powder, dissolving fairly well in water or alcohol. Chemically, the stars are rosavin, salidroside, and a few related phenylpropanoids and glycosides. Analytical books mention HPLC and TLC for reliably checking the makeup and concentration. The extract stays stable if stored away from heat, moisture, or direct sun. Some testing labs look for heavy metals and pesticides, since roots dig deep in soils where toxins can collect. Responsible brands routinely share lab results, not just for buyer confidence, but to meet global trading rules.
Finished extracts usually carry technical specs right on the paperwork—plant species (always Rhodiola rosea, not a substitute), standardized content for salidroside and rosavin, solvent type, and purity percentage. Product info goes beyond just names and milligrams. Batch data might include harvest country, extraction lot, extraction ratio (5:1, 10:1, and so on), and notes on testing for contaminants. According to regulations in US, EU, and China, proper labels mention allergens, recommended serving, and any use restrictions. Some countries require warnings for pregnant or nursing women. Documentation matters for trust. In my experience reading supplement labels, the clear ones describing testing and origin give peace of mind—and make brands stand out.
After harvest, Rhodiola roots get washed and dried. Extraction usually involves soaking or mixing chopped roots in a solvent like ethanol or water, sometimes both, under controlled temperatures for several hours. This pulls out the plant's potent chemicals. The liquid concentrate undergoes filtration before evaporating the solvent, leaving a dense, active-rich extract. Some producers use vacuum drying or spray drying to get a stable, easily mixed powder. To hit target ratios of rosavins, some batches go through repeated extraction or resin column cleanup. Getting this step right decides quality and safety. Cheap shortcuts—overheating, poor solvent removal—lead to weaker or contaminated products, something companies worth their salt steer clear of.
Pure Rhodiola extract contains dozens of natural compounds. To boost potency or match research findings, some manufacturers refine the extract further. Silica gel chromatography or resin adsorption concentrates key glycosides. HPLC profiles keep batch-to-batch consistency by showing exact chemical makeup. To improve solubility for drinks or gummies, some producers tinker with particle size or microencapsulation. Chemically altering natural compounds is rare, since regulators frown on synthetic tweaking in plant-based supplements. What’s common is blending with stabilizers—often maltodextrin or cellulose—to prevent clumping. In my view, reputable producers resist overprocessing; clean, high-dose extracts connect better with educated buyers.
Around the world, Rhodiola rosea goes by a collection of names: golden root, arctic root, king’s crown, and rose root catch most eyes in English-speaking places. Product lineups sport names like “Arctic Adaptogen” or “Stress Shield.” In scientific journals, you’ll see synonyms like Sedum roseum or Rhodiolae Radix, although plant taxonomy cleaned up confusion in the last century. Health shops and online sellers clarify the source on their labels, since close relatives (like Rhodiola crenulata) come with markedly different chemical profiles and weaker data for stress support. This isn’t mere branding; using the right plant matters for actual benefit and safety.
People ask about safety, especially with herbs crossing into wider use. Decades of European and Asian studies point to mild, rare side effects—occasional dizziness or dry mouth, mostly from high doses. No clear evidence ties Rhodiola to serious harm in healthy adults, though there’s a lack of good data for pregnant women, children, or those on psychiatric meds. Manufacturers must meet HACCP, GMP, or ISO standards to earn trust. That means quality checks for each batch, history tracing back to the farm, and zero tolerance for banned substances. Industry leaders submit products for third-party lab certification. Smart buyers check for these seals, since shoddy imports cloud the market.
Most folks meet Rhodiola as a dietary supplement pitched for fatigue, mental stress, or exercise recovery. Athletes, shift workers, and busy professionals turn to it for sharper focus or endurance. Nootropic blends and energy drinks sometimes list Rhodiola since research hints at mood and cognitive support. Some uses cross into cosmeceuticals—soothing balms and night creams—tapping Rhodiola’s antioxidant power for stressed skin. In classic herbal medicine, decoctions or infusion teas still hold a following, especially in Eastern Europe and Mongolia. Forward-looking formulators experiment with combinations: pairing the herb’s effects with magnesium or B vitamins, aiming to soften the edge of high-pressure living.
Bioactive plant extracts catch the interest of pharma and supplement researchers. Over 300 studies feature Rhodiola in peer-reviewed journals, covering everything from anti-fatigue to mitochondrial health. Big names in adaptogen research—like Davydov, Panossian, and Kelly—point to the extract’s action on stress hormones and brain transmitters, and to its gentle up-regulation of cellular energy pathways. Industry and academia work on novel delivery methods: liposomal formats, slow-release capsules, and even clinical-grade injectable formulas used in some Eastern European hospitals. Emerging bioinformatics help identify new compounds within Rhodiola responsible for less-understood health effects. With consumer interest climbing, R&D races to answer old skepticism with double-blinded, placebo-controlled studies. Gaps remain, especially for ideal dosing and long-term safety data.
Modern toxicology methods fill in what old herbalists only sensed. Most studies use acute and chronic rodent models; results show high-dose extracts don’t cause organ damage or reproductive issues at realistic intake levels. Slight increases in anxiety or agitation appear at doses far above human use, usually explained by over-activation in stress circuits. DNA damage, cancer risk, and allergy issues haven’t emerged in current screens. Some case reports suggest risk if combined with stimulants, MAO inhibitors, or for people with bipolar symptoms. In a crowded supplement market, careful toxicity review separates genuine adaptogens from herbs that trip up complex interactions in the brain or liver.
Natural stress support is more than a passing trend. Data-savvy buyers want proof, not promises, so future Rhodiola research leans toward clinical-grade studies—how it interacts with metabolic syndrome, depression, and even viral immune defense. Vertical farming and DNA barcoding address worries over adulteration and overharvest, making pure and sustainable extract possible at larger scale. As biochemistry advances, expect designer extracts—specific ratios of rosavin and salidroside, custom-tailored to cognitive woes or physical burnout. Seasoned users shape the market too, calling for clearer labels, full-spectrum extracts preserving the root’s lesser-known compounds, and verified supply chains. For those ready to invest in stress-resilient health and greener production, Rhodiola rosea stays worth watching, and worth the effort to do it right.
Rhodiola rosea isn’t a miracle cure, but it has earned a sturdy place in health circles for good reason. This golden-rooted herb grows wild across the chilly mountains of Europe and Asia, and its traditional reputation as an energy booster goes back centuries. Modern folks, myself included, started noticing it for more than its folk history when it began popping up in studies and supplement aisles geared toward stress relief and mental clarity.
Chronic stress and ongoing tiredness seem baked into modern life. A long day, a restless night, then repeat. A few years ago, I found myself reaching for quick fixes—extra coffee, less sleep, a Red Bull or two—until I learned about adaptogens, and Rhodiola stood out. Adaptogenic herbs like this one help the body manage stress. Several studies agree: people who take Rhodiola typically report less mental fatigue and better resilience to daily pressure. It’s not just wishful thinking, either. Clinical trials out of Sweden and Russia show improved physical and cognitive performance during challenging situations. Some data says that it can lower cortisol (our main stress hormone), resulting in sharper focus and an easier time winding down.
Foggy thinking and low mood have followed me during hard patches, making everyday tasks feel heavier than they should. Rhodiola seems to nudge things in the other direction. Research points to the extract helping balance serotonin and dopamine in the brain—neurotransmitters tied to motivation, happiness, and concentration. In a review published in Phytomedicine, people using Rhodiola extracts noticed improvements in mild depression and better outlook overall. While it doesn’t replace antidepressants for those with clinical depression, there’s value in having a supportive tool that feels gentler on the system.
Long runs or hiking trips push limits, and recovery matters as much as effort. I heard about athletes taking Rhodiola to shake off fatigue faster and maintain energy without harsh stimulants. Research backs this up, showing improved endurance performance and shortened recovery times in both trained athletes and everyday people. The plant works by helping muscles use oxygen more efficiently, which can mean less lactic acid buildup and less soreness.
It’s easy to overlook the long-term impact of constant stress on heart health and immunity. Rhodiola appears to provide some protection by reducing inflammation and regulating heart rhythms. Experiments with both animals and humans show moderate improvements in heart rate variability and lower perceived stress levels. These shifts add up: improved mood, a more balanced stress response, and perhaps even lower risks for sickness during demanding months.
Too many supplements are unregulated or make huge promises they can’t keep. Rhodiola rosea fares better because international research teams continue to test its safety and real impact. It’s important to look for extracts standardized to contain rosavins and salidroside—two compounds that bring most of the benefits. Most people experience few side effects, with mild, short-lived problems like dizziness or dry mouth sometimes reported. No supplement takes the place of a balanced diet, exercise, and real sleep, but Rhodiola can serve as a helpful addition. Consulting a qualified healthcare professional helps keep things on track when considering new supplements, especially for anyone with underlying health conditions or who takes prescription medication.
People ask me about natural supplements all the time. Rhodiola Rosea comes up often, usually tied to stress, fatigue, and mental focus. I took Rhodiola for a stressful project a few years back. Didn’t expect miracles—nobody should—but it did help even out my energy swings. Knowing how to take it makes a difference. Start with quality. Pick capsules or standardized extracts from reputable brands. Aim for products labeled with at least 3% rosavins and 1% salidroside; these are the main active compounds researchers focus on. Anything with vague labeling probably isn’t worth your cash—or your health.
Typical advice for healthy adults runs between 200 mg and 400 mg per day. Many folks do best starting low, especially if they’re sensitive to stimulants. My first try was 200 mg, once in the morning, right after breakfast. I felt alert, not jittery. Some split the dose between morning and mid-day, especially if stress runs high through the afternoon. Few honest researchers recommend going above 600 mg in a day. More isn’t always better—side effects like dry mouth or trouble sleeping can creep up quick with high doses.
Take Rhodiola on an empty stomach or with a small snack. If you pop it late in the day or after a heavy meal, you might notice less benefit or have trouble winding down at night. Most studies show the sharpest mental lift when taken before noon. Folks with a tendency toward insomnia should avoid evening doses—this isn’t a bedtime herb.
Ask your doctor if you’re on medication or managing any health condition. Rhodiola interacts unpredictably with certain antidepressants and blood pressure meds. Young adults, older folks, anyone pregnant or nursing all need personalized advice. I talked with my GP before starting, just to rule out risks with my regular medication. If your provider isn’t sure, look for sources like the National Institutes of Health or established integrative medicine clinics for guidance.
Supplements in the US don’t go through the same strict review as prescription drugs. I learned this lesson after a dud bottle with no effect. Trusted third-party testing labs such as USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab help spot real products. If your chosen brand wears their mark, you’re less likely to waste money or risk contamination. Potency can drift from bottle to bottle, and it adds an annoying layer of guesswork. Stick to companies with batch testing and look out for recall notices.
Better regulation would protect everyone interested in exploring herbal supplements. Pressure from informed consumers often pushes brands to improve standards. Sharing honest personal experiences in public forums helps too, as lots of people discover new herbs through friends or community groups. Doctors, pharmacists, and nutritionists could also play a bigger role in guiding the use of Rhodiola and other adaptogens. If supplement makers back up their labels with public lab reports, more people would feel confident about what goes into their bodies.
Some folks hear “adaptogen” and think magic is happening. Rhodiola rosea lands in that category, promising to bust stress and fight fatigue without breaking a sweat. Fancy marketing makes big promises, but the experience tells a different story when the rubber meets the road. Natural doesn’t always mean gentle.
I tried Rhodiola myself during a rough patch at work, pushed by online stories raving about newfound energy. The first week rolled by with no fireworks. By week two, I caught myself feeling a little jittery and struggling to fall asleep—even though I took my dose well before lunchtime. My colleague, curious to try it too, ended up with headaches and mild stomach cramps after just a couple of days. Neither of us felt the edge we’d read about.
We’re not alone. Some studies report dry mouth, dizziness, and irritability, especially in higher doses. In a clinical trial run by reputable university researchers, a small but noticeable group dropped out because side effects caught up. Older adults and those with underlying medical conditions, especially folks on medications for blood pressure or diabetes, may run into bigger problems. Interactions pop up because Rhodiola can nudge hormone levels and impact how the body processes certain drugs. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health highlights this uncertainty, pointing out the gaps in research quality.
Oversight in the supplement world leaves much to be desired. Supplements sold online or at big box stores don’t go through the same safety hoops as prescription drugs. Testing sometimes uncovers a bottle that doesn’t match the label—too little active ingredient, or even a totally different herb inside. Unexpected fillers or traces of heavy metals can sneak into poorly sourced products. I always look for third-party testing, but those seals aren’t a perfect shield either. Quality varies wildly from brand to brand.
Plenty of us are tempted by the promise of a simple solution for stress and fatigue. Yet the cost can outweigh the benefit if the science is shaky and the risks get brushed aside. I’ve met people who end up feeling more run down after a month on Rhodiola, and a few with lingering symptoms who wish they’d checked with a doctor first.
If someone feels desperate for answers, it’s easy to see why they might skip a conversation with a healthcare professional. I’ve learned the hard way—playing supplement roulette is a risky business. Doctors and pharmacists can help weigh benefits, check for bad interactions, and warn about “natural” products that might not play nice with real-world medications.
The world of herbal supplements needs clear labels, honest claims, and public evidence of safety. Until then, caution trumps wishful thinking. If stress or tiredness gets in the way of daily life, seeking advice from licensed health providers still makes more sense than buying into bold marketing. For those considering Rhodiola, a small dose, careful monitoring, and regular check-ins with a healthcare pro keep surprises at bay. A supplement isn’t a substitute for proper self-care, sleep, movement, and real community support.
Nature gives us plenty of gifts, but every remedy deserves respect, research, and a heavy dose of common sense.
Rhodiola rosea has made its way onto shelves just about everywhere—even into my own kitchen cabinet for a while. People talk about this herb giving them more energy, lifting moods, and helping them stay sharp during busy days. The root comes from cold regions like Siberia, packed with compounds called rosavins and salidrosides, and lots of supplements boast big benefits. Yet, the conversations rarely touch on how it behaves alongside prescriptions and over-the-counter drugs.
Every supplement carries its own risks, especially once you stack it onto a daily lineup of pills. Rhodiola rosea isn’t much different. This plant can affect how your body handles medicine. Research from the National Institutes of Health links Rhodiola to changes in liver enzymes that handle drug breakdown. The same enzymes—CYP2C9 and CYP3A4—deal with common medicines like statins, certain antidepressants, and blood thinners. If these enzymes slow down or speed up, you can end up with too much or too little of a drug in your bloodstream.
Based on cases found in the Journal of Dietary Supplements, people taking Rhodiola with antidepressants or stimulants sometimes experience jitters, sleeping problems, or changes in blood pressure. Rhodiola can heighten the effects of some sedatives or anxiety medicine. The body’s stress response might be pushed further than intended, possibly leading to complications. Doctors at the Mayo Clinic echo these points, warning that Rhodiola may trigger serotonin syndrome in people using SSRIs or other mood medicines. This is not just an off-chance risk—early signs can be subtle but quickly grow serious: confusion, rapid heart rate, fever, and tremors.
Years back, I saw what happened when my aunt tried a new herbal supplement while already taking heart pills. She believed because her supplement came from a plant, it would work quietly in the background with no problems. Instead, she landed in the emergency room due to an unexpected interaction that made her dizzy and dehydrated.
Stories like hers are repeated every year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that adverse drug events from supplements, especially in older adults who try to “boost energy” or “combat fatigue,” are climbing. Unlike prescription drugs, herbal extracts don’t always come with full lists of what else they can interact with. Pharmacies sometimes miss these connections, too, because supplements don’t always pop up in their records.
Patients managing multiple medications should talk to their doctor or pharmacist before adding any supplement, even one as widely used as Rhodiola rosea. It sounds simple, but this step gets missed far too often. Some pharmacists suggest writing down every pill, vitamin, and herb—by brand and dose—then reviewing the list twice a year for changes or conflicts.
Simple steps keep real people safer. Stick to brands tested for quality, avoid loading up on multiple supplements all at once, and ask professionals about possible side effects. If you feel something off after starting an herbal extract, don’t hope things will just sort themselves out. Speak up. Health is built decision by decision, not by chance.
Many people are searching for natural ways to boost mood, improve mental focus, and manage stress. Rhodiola rosea pops up often, promising energy and balance without heavy side effects. It’s easy to see why more folks are tossing a bottle into the supplement drawer. What people want to know, though, is straightforward: how long does it really take before you notice changes after starting Rhodiola rosea extract?
I first heard about Rhodiola from a friend who swore it gave her more mental clarity during deadlines. At first, I shrugged it off as placebo effect, but after reading up on it, the evidence goes beyond just word-of-mouth. University studies point to tangible effects—improvements in attention, reduction in feelings of fatigue, and an easier time handling daily stress. These trials often report results cropping up after a week or two, and some users notice subtle shifts within a handful of days. If you dig into the science, a summary published in Phytomedicine backs up personal accounts. One clinical trial followed volunteers with stress-related fatigue. After using Rhodiola for one week, participants already reported better mood and energy, which matches up with what some users experience.
Not everyone will see benefits on the same schedule. Genetics, diet, underlying stress, and even sleep patterns shape the speed of response. Age plays a role as well. People with mild stress or fatigue usually feel positive changes sooner than those with chronic symptoms. Anecdotally, I felt a clearer head around day eight of daily use, though a friend of mine only reported real difference after three weeks. In groups tracked by researchers, the average window for noticeable impact runs from seven days up to thirty. Careful formulation and consistent dosing seem to help.
No supplement acts like flipping a switch; it’s more like adjusting a dim lamp. One review pointed out that most meaningful results come after at least two weeks of steady supplementation. Russian athletes, who were some of the earliest systematic users, also noted sharper focus and quicker recovery after about ten days. This isn’t about miracle cures. Supporting overall well-being takes time, and natural products work less dramatically than pharmaceutical stimulants.
Not all extracts carry the same punch. A standardized amount of active compounds like rosavin and salidroside improves repeatability. In clinical work, dosages tend to fall between 200 and 400 mg per day, often split between breakfast and lunch. Brands that cut corners on quality control sometimes lead to disappointment. Always start low, watch carefully for any side effects, and try to source products from companies that publish independent lab results.
If you have underlying health conditions or take medications, bringing your healthcare provider into the conversation always makes sense. Rhodiola’s adaptogenic effect offers real promise, but stacking it on top of other treatments demands some caution for people sensitive to changes in blood pressure or chemicals affecting neurotransmitters.
Results from Rhodiola can unfold within about a week for some, and may take longer for others. Sustainable changes come from more than just a pill or extract—sleep, diet, and mental habits matter just as much. I’ve noticed the best outcomes in people who treat supplements like one tool in a bigger toolbox, not a replacement for self-care or medical advice. Looking for fast fixes usually leads to frustration. Instead, pacing expectations and checking in on progress over weeks offers both transparency and a sense of agency over your own well-being.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Rhodiola rosea root extract |
| Other names |
Golden Root Arctic Root Rose Root King’s Crown Lignum Rhodium Orpin Rose |
| Pronunciation | /roʊˈdiː.oʊ.lə ˈroʊ.zi.ə ˈɛk.strækt/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Rhodioloside |
| Other names |
Arctic Root Golden Root Roseroot King’s Crown Hong Jing Tian |
| Pronunciation | /roʊˈdiː.oʊ.lə ˈroʊ.zi.ə ˈɛk.strækt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 97404-52-9 |
| Beilstein Reference | 85734 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:9451 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL4203259 |
| ChemSpider | 56941630 |
| DrugBank | DB09311 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.231.790 |
| EC Number | 78451-83-7 |
| Gmelin Reference | 109524 |
| KEGG | CIDs: CIDs: KEGG:C09668 |
| MeSH | D020226 |
| PubChem CID | 222285 |
| RTECS number | VL0480000 |
| UNII | 1F6M47D7F9 |
| UN number | UN3077 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID3039548 |
| CAS Number | 84604-36-6 |
| Beilstein Reference | 91406 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:142594 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL489997 |
| ChemSpider | 216405 |
| DrugBank | DB09422 |
| ECHA InfoCard | echa-infoCard-100028946 |
| EC Number | 5.4.99.23 |
| Gmelin Reference | 139669 |
| KEGG | CIDs: C01031, C00047, C00073, C00140, C00809, C00577 |
| MeSH | Rhodiola rosea |
| PubChem CID | 222285 |
| RTECS number | SY7256000 |
| UNII | FDN4FCOM86 |
| UN number | UN2811 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID4039723 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C6H12O6 |
| Molar mass | 415.41 g/mol |
| Appearance | Light yellow to brownish yellow powder |
| Odor | Characteristic |
| Density | 50.0 lb/ft³ |
| Solubility in water | Soluble in water |
| log P | log P: 1.8 |
| Basicity (pKb) | pKb: 8.05 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | −73.2 × 10^−6 cm^3/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.378 |
| Chemical formula | C20H28O10 |
| Appearance | Light yellow to brownish yellow powder |
| Odor | Characteristic |
| Density | 0.50 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Soluble in water |
| log P | 2.92 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 7.2 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.39 |
| Dipole moment | 0.0 D |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A13AX |
| ATC code | A13AX |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause eye irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS labelling: Not classified as hazardous according to GHS |
| Pictograms | 🌱💊🧠✨ |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Hazard statements: Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS). |
| Precautionary statements | Consult your healthcare professional before use if you are pregnant, nursing, taking medication, or have a medical condition. Keep out of reach of children. Store in a cool, dry place. |
| LD50 (median dose) | Rat oral LD50: >3,360 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | Not Identified |
| PEL (Permissible) | 10 mg/m3 |
| REL (Recommended) | 400-600 mg daily |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Main hazards | May cause skin and eye irritation. Harmful if swallowed. May cause allergic reactions. |
| GHS labelling | GHS labelling: Not classified as hazardous according to GHS. |
| Pictograms | Anti-fatigue, Stress relief, Cognitive support, Physical endurance, Adaptogen |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008. |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of reach of children. If you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medications or have any medical condition, consult your doctor before use. Store in a cool, dry place. Do not use if seal under cap is broken or missing. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-0-0 |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 (oral, rat) > 5,000 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | > 3,600 mg/kg |
| NIOSH | No results found. |
| PEL (Permissible) | 10 mg/m³ |
| REL (Recommended) | 400–600 mg per day |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Salidroside Rosavin Tyrosol Rhodioloside Rosin Rosarin p-Tyrosol Acetylrosavin |
| Related compounds |
Salidroside Rosavin Rosin Rosarin Rhodioloside Tyrosol |