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Product Name: Potassium Nitrate
Chemical Formula: KNO3
CAS Number: 7757-79-1
Synonyms: Nitrate of potash, Nitric acid potassium salt, Saltpeter
Recommended Use: Fertilizer component, oxidizer in fireworks, food preservative, laboratory reagent
Supplier Identification: Manufacturer's name, address, and emergency contact number must be clearly provided on the label and data sheet.
GHS Classification: Oxidizing solid (Category 3), Eye irritation (Category 2A)
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, Flame over circle
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: May intensify fire (oxidizer), Causes serious eye irritation
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, and combustible materials; Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Wear protective equipment such as gloves and eye protection to avoid direct exposure.
Chemical Name: Potassium Nitrate
Common Name and Synonyms: Saltpeter, Nitrate of potash
CAS Number: 7757-79-1
Concentration: Greater than 99% by weight
Impurities: Product quality and grade specifications set by supplier may contain minimal traces of other potassium or nitrate compounds.
General Advice: Move affected person to fresh air. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, seek medical attention if symptoms like coughing or difficulty breathing persist.
Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. Seek medical advice if irritation appears.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally. Seek medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical attention, showing the label or data sheet.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Flood fire area with water. Potassium nitrate does not burn but supports combustion.
Special Hazards: May intensify fire when in contact with combustible substances. During fire, toxic fumes such as nitrogen oxides and potassium oxides can form.
Fire Fighter Instructions: Use full protective gear and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus.
Explosion Risk: Vigorous heating may cause hazardous decomposition, releasing gases. Mixing with organic or reducing agents can enhance fire risk.
Personal Precautions: Wear protective clothing, avoid contact with spilled material, use proper respiratory protection.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release into drains, watercourses, or soil.
Spill Clean-Up Methods: Contain and sweep up spill, avoiding dust generation. Collect in containers for disposal. Use water to clean contaminated surfaces if spillage is minor, minimizing runoff to the environment.
Handling: Wear suitable protective equipment. Avoid generating dust. Do not mix with combustible or reducing agents. Wash thoroughly after handling.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location away from heat, moisture, and ignition sources. Keep away from acids, flammable materials, organics, and other incompatible substances.
Incompatibilities: Avoid storing with reducing agents, ammonium salts, acids, combustibles.
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits are established for potassium nitrate by OSHA or ACGIH.
Engineering Controls: Work in well-ventilated areas. Use local exhaust ventilation to reduce exposure.
Personal Protection: Use safety goggles or face shield, chemical resistant gloves, long-sleeve clothing, and dust-proof respirator when handling large quantities or powders.
Hygiene Measures: No eating, drinking, or smoking during use. Wash hands thoroughly after working with potassium nitrate.
Appearance: White or colorless crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
pH (5% solution): Nearly neutral (6.2–8.5)
Melting Point: 334°C (633°F)
Boiling Point: Decomposes at 400°C (752°F)
Solubility: Soluble in water (31.6 g/100 mL at 20°C)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable (non-volatile solid)
Density: 2.11 g/cm³ at 20°C
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling conditions.
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: Strong oxidizer, enhances combustion of other materials. May react with incompatible substances, causing fire or explosion risks.
Incompatible Materials: Combustible materials, organic substances, reducing agents, sulfur, phosphorus, metallic powders, acids, ammonium salts.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, potassium oxide gases upon heating or fire.
Acute Toxicity: Low toxicity in normal use. Oral LD50 (rat) reported at about 3750 mg/kg. Inhalation of dust may cause respiratory irritation.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: May cause mild skin irritation on prolonged contact.
Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes irritation and redness. In high concentrations, may damage eye tissues.
Ingestion Effects: Large doses can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, weakness.
Long-term Exposure: Chronic exposure may affect blood and kidneys. No known carcinogenicity.
Sensitization: No data indicates allergic sensitization from repeated use.
Aquatic Toxicity: Potassium nitrate is highly soluble in water and readily dissociates. Large releases can cause eutrophication and harmful algal blooms in water bodies.
Persistence and Degradability: Nitrate ions persist in the environment, contribute to water pollution, and promote undesirable plant growth.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Does not bioaccumulate in organisms.
Mobility in Soil: Highly mobile in soils and can leach into groundwater.
Other Effects: Excessive concentrations harm aquatic life and degrade water quality.
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of potassium nitrate according to local, regional, and national regulations.
Unused Product: Consider reuse wherever possible, or incinerate only in authorized facilities.
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse and recycle empty containers following regulations, or dispose as hazardous waste.
Environmentally Sound Practices: Prevent contamination of water, soil, and drains during disposal.
UN Number: UN1486
Proper Shipping Name: Potassium Nitrate
Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizer)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Oxidizer label required on packages
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture. Ensure no contact with organic materials or reducing agents during transport. Comply with all applicable transport regulations for road, sea, and air freight.
Regulatory Status: Potassium nitrate is regulated as an oxidizer under several international transport and workplace safety guidelines.
OSHA: Not classified as a hazardous chemical, though subject to specific handling requirements due to oxidizer status.
EPA: Listed as a hazardous substance; release reporting requirements may apply.
TSCA: Listed in the US TSCA Inventory.
REACH: Registered under European Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.
Other: Users must review local, regional, and national regulations regarding labeling, transport, storage, environmental release, and disposal.
West Ujimqin Banner, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China
