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Product Name: Magnesium Sulfate
Synonyms: Epsom salt, Bitter salt
Chemical Formula: MgSO4·7H2O (heptahydrate)
CAS Number: 10034-99-8
Recommended Use: Uses span agriculture, chemical manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, food processing, and personal care products. Workers in healthcare facilities often see it in intravenous solutions.
Supplier: Information found on supplier label or invoice. Check Safety Data resources for the latest contact details.
Emergency Phone: Use local emergency number or reach out to Poison Control services in your area.
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous according to most regulatory agencies
Signal Word: Not required
Hazard Statements: Overexposure through inhalation of dust or ingestion of large amounts can result in mild health effects. Skin and eye irritation can happen with prolonged contact or exposure in dusty environments. Not flammable, does not support combustion.
Pictogram: None required
Precautionary Statements: Avoid creating or breathing in dust. Wash thoroughly after handling. In settings with significant exposure, personal protective equipment or engineering controls bring risk down.
Other Hazards: Eye irritation, mild gastrointestinal upset if ingested, risk of imbalance in electrolytes if ingested in substantial quantities, irritation on pre-existing skin conditions possible.
Chemical Name: Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate
Concentration: Greater than 99%
CAS Number: 10034-99-8
Impurities or Stabilizing Additives: Rare traces of magnesium chloride, calcium salts, or other minerals traceable back to the mineral or synthesis process.
Eye Contact: Rinse gently with running water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation or redness continues, consult a health professional.
Skin Contact: Wash exposed areas with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and footwear. If irritation occurs, get medical attention.
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Seek medical attention if cough, shortness of breath, or other symptoms persist.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Small accidental amounts usually pose little risk, but if large quantities are swallowed or symptoms show up, get medical assistance right away.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Magnesium sulfate is not combustible.
Specific Hazards: No special fire or explosion hazards. By itself, does not burn; will not fuel a fire.
Protection for Firefighters: Standard protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus in case of smoke or decomposed product fumes.
Additional Advice: Evacuate area if large quantities involved. Product may respond by releasing water vapor and trace sulfur oxides at very high heat.
Personal Precautions: Avoid formation of dust. Use appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and dust masks.
Environmental Precautions: Keep material out of sewers and water systems if at all possible. Sweep or scoop up any material to avoid slippery floors.
Methods for Clean-up: Sweep up and place into a clean, dry, labeled container. Wash down area with large volume of water, disposing of cleaning water according to local rules.
Advice for Emergency Responders: Use eye protection and gloves. Increase ventilation if spills take place in confined areas.
Handling: Use in well-ventilated location. Avoid inhaling dust particles. Wear gloves to avoid skin contact if handling in bulk. Use proper tools and avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during handling.
Storage: Store in cool, dry place away from incompatible chemicals such as strong acids. Keep container tightly closed. Protect from damp air and water, as magnesium sulfate absorbs moisture rapidly.
Incompatibilities: Avoid exposure to strong acids, strong bases, and sources of ignition. Will lump or cake if contact with water or humidity is not controlled.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No known established limits in many jurisdictions due to low acute toxicity.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust or general ventilation to keep dust levels low. In industrial settings, ensure thorough air exchange.
Personal Protection: Wear safety goggles and gloves. Use dust mask or respirator in operations where dust may become airborne or if working with large quantities.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling or before eating or drinking. Clean up any spills promptly to prevent slipping and dust formation.
Physical State: Crystalline solid
Color: White to colorless
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 1124°F (612°C), decomposes on heating
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Solubility: Readily soluble in water; slight solubility in alcohol
Density: 1.67 g/cm3 (heptahydrate)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
pH (solution): 5.0–9.2 (5% aqueous solution)
Other: Loses water of crystallization over time in humid storage conditions. Has a tendency to cake after long periods exposed to air.
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard conditions and in original packaging.
Reactivity: Does not react with most substances but will decompose in contact with strong acids (producing sulfur oxides) or bases.
Hazardous Decomposition: Releases toxic sulfur oxides at high temperature or strong acid.
Conditions to Avoid: Excess moisture, high heat, contact with incompatible chemicals.
Polymerization: Does not occur.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, and eye contact.
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (Oral, rat): 8,060 mg/kg. Low toxicity in humans; gastrointestinal upset may appear following large doses.
Chronic Effects: No evidence suggests magnesium sulfate causes long-term medical problems at occupational exposures. Chronic ingestion of very high amounts can lead to electrolyte imbalances.
Symptoms: Coughing or mild irritation after inhalation, skin dryness, eye discomfort, mild stomach pain or diarrhea if ingested.
Carcinogenicity: No classification by IARC, NTP, OSHA — not regarded as a carcinogen.
Mutagenicity: Not expected.
Reproductive Effects: No indication in published literature of reproductive toxicity.
Aquatic Toxicity: Not classified as an environmental hazard. Large quantities may affect aquatic organisms by altering magnesium or sulfate content in water — rare outside accidental or extreme spillage.
Persistence and Degradability: Compound dissolves and dissociates in water, releases ions rapidly.
Bioaccumulative Potential: No evidence of bioaccumulation; magnesium and sulfate ions occur naturally.
Mobility in Soil: Moves readily in soil and water; not persistent.
Other Adverse Effects: None noted in environmental studies at typical concentrations.
Waste Classification: Not a hazardous waste under federal or EU regulations.
Disposal Methods: Small quantities can be dissolved in water and flushed to drain if local regulations allow. Large amounts should go for chemical waste disposal following municipal or regional requirements.
Precautions for Disposal: Avoid causing excessive concentrations in water courses. Seek advice if disposing near sensitive environments to limit changes in water mineral balance.
UN Number: Not regulated
Proper Shipping Name: Magnesium Sulfate
Transport Hazard Class: None — material considered non-hazardous in transport
Packing Group: Not applicable
Environmental Hazards: Not a marine pollutant
Special Precautions: Protect containers from damage and prevent moisture ingress during shipping and storage. Label bags or containers according to workplace regulations.
OSHA Status: Not regulated as hazardous
TSCA (US): Listed
EINECS/ELINCS Status (EU): Listed
WHMIS Classification (Canada): Not controlled
REACH Status: Exempt or registered under Annex IV/V for substances of minimal concern
Other Regulations: Typically approved for use in food and pharmaceuticals. Always refer to relevant local or national guidelines for latest updates.
