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Product Name: Kojic Acid
Chemical Name: 5-Hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-pyrone
CAS Number: 501-30-4
Molecular Formula: C6H6O4
Recommended Use: Used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and as a food additive.
Supplier Details: Manufacturer and distributor contact information appears on packaging. Consult package for emergency telephone number.
Synonyms: 2-Hydroxymethyl-5-hydroxy-4-pyrone; Pyrones, hydroxy-substituted.
Emergency Overview: White to off-white fine powder, mild odor, used in skin lightening and preservation products.
Classification: Eye irritation, skin sensitizer, harmful if ingested in significant quantity.
Label Elements: Warning symbol, hazard statement: May cause eye irritation, allergic skin reaction, respiratory discomfort if dust inhaled.
Routes of Exposure: Skin contact, eye contact, inhalation of dust, ingestion.
Target Organs: Skin, eyes, respiratory tract.
Main Symptoms: Itchy or red skin, watery or red eyes, sneezing or coughing, mild headache with prolonged exposure.
Chronic Effects: Skin depigmentation with consistent use, rare reports of dermatitis.
Other Hazards: Not classified as carcinogenic. No known reproductive toxicity reported at typical exposures.
Ingredient: Kojic Acid
Concentration: Pure: ≥98%
Impurities: Trace organic acids, moisture content less than 2%
Additives: None stated, check supplier specifications for batch information.
Other Substances: No significant hazardous impurities identified according to latest regulatory standards.
Skin Contact: Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water and soap, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical attention for persistent irritation.
Eye Contact: Hold eyelids apart, rinse eye with clean water for at least 15 minutes, get medical help if stinging or vision changes.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, monitor for breathing difficulty, administer artificial respiration only in cases of extreme distress.
Ingestion: Do not force vomiting, rinse mouth, drink water if conscious, consult a healthcare provider if any discomfort or larger quantities were swallowed.
Notes for Physicians: Symptomatic treatment, no known antidote, monitor vital signs and supportive care.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, CO2, dry chemical or foam extinguishers.
Fire Hazards: Kojic acid dust may form explosive mixtures with air in rare cases, avoid dust buildup near ignition sources.
Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, small amounts of organic vapors.
Special Protective Equipment: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing.
Additional Advice: Prevent contaminated water runoff. Avoid inhalation of fumes from combustion.
Personal Precautions: Use proper PPE including gloves, goggles, dust mask or respirator.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, sewers, or soil.
Cleanup Methods: Sweep or vacuum up without creating dust, collect in labelled, sealed containers for disposal.
Decontamination: Wash spill area with plenty of water, ventilate area. Dispose materials in accordance with local rules.
Safe Handling: Wear gloves and goggles, avoid breathing dust or direct skin contact, ensure good ventilation.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands, exposed skin, change out of contaminated clothing after use.
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry area away from heat or open flames, keep container tightly closed.
Incompatibilities: Store away from oxidizers, strong acids and bases, moisture.
Packaging: Keep in airtight, labeled containers with batch tracking.
Special Precautions: Avoid mechanical shock, do not reuse packaging for food or drink.
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limit in many jurisdictions, minimize exposure when handling powders.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation where dust arises.
Personal Protection: Wear safety goggles, nitrile gloves, protective clothing.
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved dust mask or respirator in areas of high airborne concentrations.
Work Hygiene: No eating, drinking, smoking in work areas. Wash up after task completion.
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder.
Odor: Mild, faint organic.
Odor Threshold: Not determined.
pH (1% solution): About 3.5 to 5.5.
Melting Point: 152-155 °C.
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling).
Flash Point: Not flammable under standard conditions.
Evaporation Rate: Negligible.
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble, forms clear solution at higher concentrations.
Partition Coefficient: Log Kow approximately -1.2.
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature.
Density: About 1.56 g/cm³.
Viscosity: Not applicable as a solid.
Reactivity with Air/Water: Stable in dry air, reacts slowly in presence of moisture.
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal laboratory and storage conditions.
Hazardous Reactions: Not prone to violent reactions, reacts with strong oxidizing agents.
Condition to Avoid: Exposing to high humidity, high temperature, open flames.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, alkalis, oxidizers.
Decomposition Products: Carbon oxides, potential release of organic vapors if overheated.
Polymerization: Not known to occur.
Acute Toxicity: Estimated LD50 (oral, rat) 2,500 mg/kg.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: May cause mild irritation on prolonged contact.
Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes moderate irritation, potential for redness or tearing.
Respiratory Sensitization: Dust inhalation may trigger coughing.
Skin Sensitization: Prolonged or repeated contact can lead to allergic reaction.
Chronic Toxicity: Long-term use in high doses may affect skin pigment production, rare reports of dermatitis.
Mutagenicity: No evidence of mutagenic potential based on available test data.
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, OSHA as a carcinogen.
Reproductive Toxicity: No data indicating reproductive hazards found in standard reviews.
Target Organs: Skin, eyes, respiratory system.
Ecotoxicity: Acute toxicity to aquatic organisms estimated low, insufficient long-term data.
Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradable over extended periods in soil or water.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low based on measured partition coefficient.
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile, susceptible to microbial degradation.
Aquatic Release: Avoid uncontrolled discharges, use local wastewater guidelines.
Other Adverse Effects: No evidence of significant hazards to non-target species at realistic exposure levels.
Disposal Method: Use hazardous chemical waste collection, incinerate or landfill in compliance with local, regional, and national regulations.
Container Disposal: Triple rinse, puncture, and present for approved recycling or disposal.
Special Handling: Avoid discharge into sewers and natural water sources.
Waste Management: Seek advice from licensed waste disposal contractor if needed, maintain record of disposals.
UN Number: Not regulated under UN transport rules.
Proper Shipping Name: Kojic Acid, non-hazardous for air, sea, and road.
Hazard Class: Not classified.
Packing Group: Not assigned.
Environmental Hazards: Not a marine pollutant.
Special Transport Precautions: Keep containers secure, dry, shielded from direct sunlight, comply with destination country guidelines.
Inventory Status: Listed in most major chemical inventories (TSCA, EINECS, DSL, AICS, ENCS).
OSHA Status: Not regulated as hazardous.
SARA Title III: Not listed as a hazardous substance or extremely hazardous substance.
California Proposition 65: Not listed.
EU Classification: Not classified as dangerous according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
REACH Status: Pre-registered for cosmetic uses.
Local Regulations: Check with relevant authorities for regional controls on cosmetic or food ingredient uses.
