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Indometacin came into the picture in the early 1960s. The story began with a need: doctors and patients both demanded new ways to manage pain and inflammation that outperformed aspirin. Researchers started looking for synthetic alternatives that target inflammation at its source. After years of chemical trials, indometacin showed up as one of the earliest nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that tackled not just pain but swelling and stiffness as well. Its journey from the lab bench to hospital cabinets changed the way doctors handled disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and gout. By the 1970s, it became a regular name in chronic pain management, sometimes used even to treat premature labor and patent ductus arteriosus in neonates. Having seen patients benefit first-hand, the impact stretches beyond the pill itself. Its arrival opened a new path for targeted therapy and shaped protocols still seen in hospitals today.
Indometacin stands as an NSAID, mainly used to cut down on inflammation and ease pain in diseases like osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and acute gout attacks. It comes in quite a few forms—tablets, capsules, suppositories, and topical gels. The most common tablets deliver strengths from 25 mg up to 75 mg, with extended-release options for people who want fewer doses daily. Extracting extra value, some compounding pharmacies mix it with topical analgesics to offer relief from localized symptoms. Brands like Indocin and Tivorbex have rolled out in the United States market, while many generics fuel accessibility worldwide.
Seen as a white to off-white crystalline powder, indometacin barely dissolves in water. With a melting point near 160°C and a molecular formula of C19H16ClNO4, the compound packs both stability and complexity. Its structure features an indole ring—a backbone for its pain-killing actions. A methyl group and p-chlorobenzoyl moiety further boost its pharmacological bite. In the lab, I’ve seen how its low aqueous solubility leads to compounding challenges, which has pushed some companies to make salt forms or tweak the molecule for better absorption. Its pKa falls close to 4.5, a sign it absorbs best in the acidic stomach environment, not the intestines. These features affect how the drug gets taken up, distributed, and broken down in the body, which matters quite a bit for anyone working in formulation.
Pharmacopoeias hand down strict standards for indometacin. Purity must reach 98% or higher, with specified limits on impurities and residual solvents. Identification usually relies on UV, IR, and HPLC spectral fingerprints. Tablets and capsules need to follow weight variation and dissolution guidelines, and packaging always calls for moisture barriers because exposure breaks down the drug. The FDA labels it as Pregnancy Category C or D, depending on trimester, stressing potential risks during late pregnancy. Warnings about gastrointestinal and cardiovascular effects show up front and center, and instructions note that children and the elderly face higher risks for side effects. Using the right labels protects patients and builds trust; I have seen clinics carefully double-check for potential overlaps with other NSAIDs, as too much can turn therapeutic intent into medical trouble.
Synthesizing indometacin requires a handful of reliable chemical steps. Labs start with indole, which reacts with p-chlorobenzoyl chloride to create an intermediate compound. Through Friedel-Crafts acylation and selective methylation, the process forms the active indometacin molecule. Makers purify the product by crystallization or column chromatography, depending on scale and purity demands. Safety is key; p-chlorobenzoyl chloride releases toxic fumes and must be handled in proper fume hoods. Green chemistry approaches, like switching organic solvents for aqueous solutions, are gaining ground as regulatory expectations get tougher. Over the years, process tweaks have cut toxic waste and boosted yields, showing that even legacy pharma can keep moving toward cleaner manufacturing.
Indometacin’s core structure lends itself to several chemical alterations. Early research highlighted how swapping out the chlorine atom or the methyl group changed both potency and toxicity. Making salts—such as indometacin sodium—brings better water solubility for injectable forms, which clinicians value in acute care. Companies have also added protective coatings or mixed the drug with cyclodextrins to control release and reduce stomach irritation. Some academic labs attach fluorescent or radioactive tags to probe where and how the molecule works inside tissues. Knowing the tweaks that change its safety and action sharpens our insight into drug design, and it’s helped develop other NSAIDs with friendlier risk profiles.
Around the world, indometacin goes by a long list of names: Indocin in the US, Indocid in Canada and Australia, and Metindol in parts of Europe. Chemically, it’s sometimes listed as 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetic acid or under codes like NSC-74120. This tangle of generic and brand labels lingers from company patents and regional marketing strategies. For healthcare workers and patients, knowing these names avoids potentially dangerous confusion, especially with split supply chains or telemedicine.
Handling indometacin takes care. In industry, staff work with gloves and masks, especially during the synthesis step, as raw chemicals and dust irritate the eyes, skin, and lungs. Storage rooms keep temperatures below 25°C and humidity low, away from light, as breakdown products can lose potency or trigger allergies. Clinical guidelines set limits for total daily intake—100 to 200 mg for adults—with short bursts for acute flares to limit stomach, kidney, and heart risks. Staff must track patient histories, as adding other NSAIDs, blood thinners, or certain diuretics can tip the balance toward dangerous side effects. Proper training and vigilance have stopped more than one medical mishap, especially among older or frail patients.
Doctors have leaned on indometacin for half a century to tame joint pain, inflammation, and even certain headaches. In rheumatology clinics, patients with tough gout flares get quick relief. Orthopedic wards rely on it for acute injuries or chronic arthritis, allowing patients to regain function and movement. Neonatologists use it, carefully dosed, to close patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants—a life-saving intervention. Its ability to reduce fever and swelling sometimes gets tested in rare inflammatory syndromes. Topical forms, despite less absorption, let those with sensitive stomachs get some local relief. For many patients and doctors, familiarity with indometacin supports both effective care and informed risk management.
The research landscape around indometacin keeps changing shape. Early trials fought to establish basic safety, but the last two decades honed in on side-effect reduction. Some teams have built slow-release formulations with coatings that break down only after passing through the stomach. This aims to dampen its well-known ulcer risk. Others are crafting nano-sized particles or encapsulations to target delivery to inflamed joints, cutting down on whole-body exposure. Longitudinal studies track rare adverse events, especially in heart or kidney patients, giving doctors and regulators clearer guidance. As someone who has seen new research projects launch, the cycle of bench to bedside and back to the lab never seems to stop, sparking practical changes every few years.
Indometacin’s benefits aren’t without a price. Toxicity studies in animals and humans spotlight an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, kidney damage, and cardiovascular events, especially when the drug stacks with steroids or anticoagulants. Even short-term use calls for careful dosing, particularly in people with chronic conditions. Some rare side effects, including headache, confusion, and mood swings, have tripped up diagnosis in clinical settings. Labs have mapped out metabolic pathways—showing that genetic differences in enzymes like CYP2C9 shape who tolerates the drug and who does not. Newer protocols demand regular kidney and liver function tests, especially for people who need repeated doses. The message remains clear: real-world outcomes depend not only on the drug, but also on smart, person-centered monitoring.
Looking ahead, indometacin’s future lies in refinement. Pharmaceutical companies and university teams continue tweaking its structure, aiming for newer prodrugs, improved absorption, and combinations with gastroprotective agents. With genomics stepping into center stage, more personalized dosing based on genetic risk factors looks possible. Topical, injectable, and novel ion-channel linked formulations stand on the horizon, hoping to broaden treatment options without amplifying risk. Beyond medicine, indometacin’s chemical backbone sparks discovery in other fields, inspiring molecular models for future anti-inflammatories. As regulation and patient expectations shift, updates in safety labeling, clinical practice, and global supply chains will determine how long indometacin can keep its place on pharmacy shelves. A drug that started as a scientific curiosity has grown into a touchstone, both as a mainstay of daily care and a measuring stick for what the next generation of pain treatments can achieve.
Some drugs tend to stay out of the spotlight, even while shaping the lives of people dealing with chronic pain or inflammation. Indometacin falls into that camp. As an old hand in the arena of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), it’s helped many folks move through days that would otherwise be crippled by pain.
I’ve watched relatives with arthritis reach for a bottle prescribed by their doctor when simple tasks—buttoning a shirt, walking around the block—felt impossible because of the swelling in their joints. Indometacin, with its strong anti-inflammatory punch, does more than just dull pain. It shrinks the swelling that brings that pain in the first place.
Doctors reach for indometacin for a few tough jobs. Gout attacks top the list. Out of nowhere, joints flame up, swallowing a person’s day in pain. Indometacin steps in where over-the-counter painkillers like ibuprofen struggle. Within a day or two, the inflammation calms, and people can walk again without wincing at each step.
Some folks with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis rely on this drug when other options just don’t cut it. Beyond that, a few uncommon uses crop up in hospitals: closing a heart defect in newborns and handling tricky types of headaches like cluster headaches. While it sounds like a one-size-fits-all fix, indometacin often comes with careful doctor supervision. The risk of side effects such as stomach aches, ulcers, or even kidney issues can’t be overlooked.
People tend to reach for drugs like ibuprofen or naproxen first. These feel safer, often because advertising tells us so, and because you can grab them over the counter. But indometacin’s place in the toolkit shows up when pain demands more than a mild solution. Doctors lean on experience: for gout, for tough arthritis cases, or when someone’s had a run-in with pain that shrugs off the lighter stuff.
Living with chronic pain wears down more than just the body; it digs into sleep, mood, and even family relationships. The ability to keep pain at bay helps people keep their jobs, raise kids, and manage the regular rhythms of life. Skipping pain management altogether isn’t an option for everyone. Indometacin, while not a first choice for mild aches, offers real value for those stuck in the deeper end of the pain pool.
Decades of research lay bare both the good and the bad sides of NSAIDs. Indometacin takes a bit of getting used to—there’s no dodging that fact. Side effects put a cap on how long it’s safe to use it. Gut protection with other medicines, or regular bloodwork to check kidney and liver function, often comes hand in hand with the prescription. Anyone getting this medication deserves a straight talk with their doctor about risks, alternatives, and safer doses. No one wants short-term relief that triggers lifelong problems.
Modern pain management moves fast; some new treatments crowd the shelves or show up in the headlines, but old stalwarts like indometacin hold their ground by helping when few other options bring relief. Honest discussions between patients and doctors about risks and benefits, as well as clear information from trusted organizations, help people move away from one-size solutions and toward care that fits real lives.
Indometacin sits on the shelves of pharmacies as a strong option for people living with pain or inflammation, especially those facing arthritis, gout, or certain injuries. Doctors trust it because it delivers results, but anyone who’s filled a prescription likely left with a list of things to watch out for. I remember the first time I took it for my knee — the pain let up, yet other things started to creep in.
Stomach upset rises quickly as a talking point for those using indometacin. From personal experience, and from hearing others at the physical therapy clinic, indigestion happens often. The medicine stirs up acid and irritates the lining in ways that lead to heartburn, stomach pain, or even nausea. Some report that their entire digestive system just feels off, which sometimes leads to a loss of appetite or even vomiting. Medical research consistently links indometacin and other NSAIDs to these symptoms, demonstrating real-world impact, not just stats on a chart.
Headaches tend to sneak in when you least expect them, and with indometacin, they can hit hard. I’ve had days where a simple walk outdoors ended abruptly because of a spinning sensation. That’s dizziness rearing its head — enough to make folks feel uneasy about driving or concentrating at work. These reactions stem from the way indometacin interacts with the nervous system, showing that the medication may cause as many headaches as it helps prevent.
Doctors pay close attention to blood pressure when prescribing indometacin, especially in older patients or those with kidney concerns. Fluid retention isn’t just a phrase in a pamphlet — ankles swell, faces puff up, and pants feel tighter. Indometacin encourages the body to hang onto sodium and water, setting off a ripple effect, including higher blood pressure and added strain on the kidneys. Anyone with a heart or kidney condition should keep in close touch with their doctor, as these seemingly mild changes can escalate to bigger health problems.
Every so often, indometacin shows its roughest side. Stomach ulcers, bleeding in the digestive tract, or even kidney failure rarely show up, but their seriousness can’t be ignored. These side effects demand immediate attention. Look for warning signs: black, tarry stools, blood in vomit, or a sudden drop in urination. Medical guidelines recommend routine blood work for anyone using the medicine long-term to catch changes before symptoms get out of hand.
Taking indometacin with food, using the lowest effective dose, and limiting alcohol help calm the gut. I also learned to steer clear of other NSAIDs and to double-check with my doctor before adding any new medicine. Pharmacists often point out drug interactions, especially with blood thinners or certain antidepressants, helping people dodge trouble early. For anyone with recurrent side effects, open conversations with the healthcare team matter most. Together, alternative pain plans and protective medications, like stomach acid blockers, can be considered to keep daily life as comfortable as possible.
Advocacy groups and leading clinics like Mayo and Cleveland Clinic update information based on new studies, and doctors regularly share their clinical intuition alongside lab data. No list of side effects helps unless people understand the story behind each one. Honest, practical advice, rooted in lived experience and real cases, makes it easier for patients to spot problems early and feel more in control of their health.
People often pick up prescriptions like indometacin with more concern about pain relief than about how the pill should get swallowed. Yet, the “how” matters as much as “what” you’re taking. Indometacin treats everything from arthritis aches to severe joint swelling. Taking it the right way keeps side effects in check and aims for better results.
Indometacin lands on a doctor’s list because it’s strong. It falls under NSAIDs, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Think of it as a cousin to ibuprofen but with a tougher punch, prescribed when supermarket remedies do little for stubborn pain. I saw my father manage his gout pain with these exact capsules. Relief came in hours, but so did a sour stomach — one lesson drilled home the value of timing, meals, and routine.
Family doctors explain it best: take indometacin with food. Swallowing it after a meal or with a glass of milk keeps stomach lining less irritated. These pills push stomachs hard, especially if swallowed on an empty gut. Food puts a barrier between the medicine and your sensitive insides. Anyone who’s rushed and skipped that step learns quickly how strong heartburn or nausea can get.
Doctors tailor indometacin doses. Most adults start with one or two capsules a day, spread out evenly. You don’t choose your dose — the prescriber checks your health, age, and what you need fixed. Stick to their advice closely. Skipping or doubling up isn’t a clever shortcut. Take it around the same time every day so your body knows what to expect.
Indometacin can cause stomach bleeding or ulcers, especially if swallowed for weeks or months. Folks with a history of ulcers or digestive issues should flag this with their doctor before picking up any pills. Some get a gut-protecting medicine alongside their prescription, such as omeprazole. My neighbor, who dealt with chronic back issues, got this “sidekick” medication, and it helped her stay on indometacin without misery.
Stacking indometacin on top of other prescriptions deserves attention. Mixing with blood thinners, antidepressants, or even common aspirin raises the odds of stomach problems or bleeding. More than one friend in my circle ended up at the clinic after doubling up unknowingly. Always tell your doctor or pharmacist about every pill, vitamin, and supplement you’re using.
Life gets hectic and doses get missed. Skip a missed indometacin capsule if your next one isn’t far off. Don’t double up. If too many pills end up in your system, trouble starts — stomach pain, confusion, headaches, even fainting. Head to a doctor or poison center without delay if that ever happens.
Wash down every dose with a full glass of water. Skip alcohol where possible, since both strain the stomach and increase risk. Don’t drive or use machinery if the medicine brings on dizziness or drowsiness. Most importantly, if you get severe heartburn, black stools, or feel weak, see a doctor. These may signal your gut needs help.
Indometacin can make daily life tolerable again for people with crippling pain, but it’s not a casual pill. Listening to health providers, using food and water, and monitoring side effects put you ahead. Pain leads many to reach for quick solutions, yet safer, steadier steps keep big problems out of the picture.
Stories about drug interactions come up often in doctor’s offices and community clinics. Plenty of people take more than one medication, especially older adults dealing with high blood pressure, arthritis pain, or heart conditions. Indometacin, an anti-inflammatory drug used for tough arthritis pain or gout, often finds itself in the middle of these medication combinations. Ignoring drug interactions here can lead to real trouble, like stomach ulcers, kidney damage, and even hospital trips.
Indometacin belongs to the NSAID family—a group known for helping with pain and swelling but famous for causing side effects. A person might reach for it on their doctor’s advice, thinking it works the same as ibuprofen or naproxen. Doctors know to watch out for what gets mixed with it. Adding two or more NSAIDs won’t double the pain relief, but it can double the bleeding risk.
Blood thinners and NSAIDs go together like oil and water. Pairing indometacin with blood thinners like warfarin or newer agents such as apixaban or rivaroxaban could make someone bleed more easily—sometimes without a warning sign. Over the years, I’ve seen people wonder why their bruises keep growing or their urine turns red, only to discover the culprit was drug interactions.
Blood pressure medications can also run into problems here. Indometacin often undermines popular medications for high blood pressure, like ACE inhibitors or diuretics. In the pharmacy, I’ve met patients whose pressure creeps up despite taking their pills, only to find their recent prescription for indometacin played a part.
Mixing this NSAID with lithium, a common mood stabilizer, can turn things dangerous. Indometacin can push lithium levels up in the blood, inching toward toxic levels. For anyone depending on mood-stabilizing medications, this mix can mean tremors, confusion, or worse neurological harm before anyone realizes.
Doctors, pharmacists, and patients each play a role in stopping harmful drug combinations. Medical teams catch a lot with computer alerts or careful reviews, but people taking the medicine have the final say—both in what they swallow and what symptoms they notice. If a person picking up indometacin already takes other heart, blood pressure, or antidepressant medications, real conversations need to happen. Taking a medication list to each appointment saved confusion in my own family and can keep others out of the emergency room.
Drug interactions aren’t always obvious. Some cause trouble after months of use, not days. Stomach pain, black stools, unsteady balance, or confusion should send anyone right back to their doctor or pharmacy. Even combining indometacin with common over-the-counter painkillers like aspirin can lead to trouble. Plenty of us have trusted a drug from childhood, not realizing it affects a new prescription many years later.
Healthcare doesn’t happen in a bubble. Each person’s doctor, pharmacist, and personal habits shape how safe drugs like indometacin turn out to be. Trusting one source—or skipping questions because something “seems normal”—misses the chance to prevent serious harms. It’s important to ask, speak up about every medicine or supplement, and keep everyone on the same page. Real lives stay safer that way.
People hear about painkillers and often think about quick relief for sore joints or headaches. Indometacin, a strong anti-inflammatory drug, has been prescribed for decades to tackle problems like arthritis, gout, or certain kinds of swelling. It brings real relief for many, but not everyone benefits. For some, using this medicine can make life a lot worse. The details matter here because ignoring risk groups has real consequences.
People with a history of stomach or intestinal ulcers often suffer the most. Indometacin tends to be rough on the gut lining; stories from my own family remind me of this. My uncle tried it for gout, and within a week, he was in the hospital with bleeding ulcers. Doctors say that folks who already have had ulcers or any signs of stomach bleeding before should stay away from this medication. Medical research backs this up. A review published by the American College of Gastroenterology described how certain NSAIDs—including indometacin—increase the risk of stomach bleeding in these groups.
People managing chronic kidney problems might find their symptoms getting worse with indometacin. Kidneys filter out toxins and drugs, but indometacin puts extra strain that can tip a delicate balance. Chronic kidney disease affects more than one in seven American adults, according to the CDC, making this an issue that hits many families. I had a neighbor who thought this prescription would help her arthritis, but her kidney numbers spiked after one month. She learned the hard way that sometimes you trade one pain for a bigger problem.
Heart health comes into play as well. Folks dealing with heart failure, recent heart attacks, or serious uncontrolled high blood pressure have a lot to lose with this treatment. The risk isn’t just hypothetical; studies link indometacin to a higher rate of heart attacks and strokes compared to some other pain relievers. The FDA notes these medications can raise blood pressure and lead to fluid buildup, both dangerous for those with heart issues.
Pregnant women, especially those in the last trimester, should avoid indometacin. There’s a risk of serious problems for the baby, including heart defects and kidney problems. Expectant mothers in my community always get warned by their doctors. The risk feels personal for any parent-to-be. For newborns and small kids, this drug’s safety record is thin at best, so most pediatricians look elsewhere for pain relief.
Mixing medications can spell trouble, especially for the elderly who often juggle multiple prescriptions. People taking blood thinners or specific antidepressants find themselves at an even higher risk of bleeding. I remember my grandmother’s pharmacy review, where her doctor and pharmacist worked through her long list—many combinations, including indometacin, turned out risky.
Better communication with medical teams helps dodge these risks. If you ever feel unsure about a prescription like this, a direct question about your health history and all current medications saves a lot of trouble. Pharmacists know their stuff; they spot clashes in prescriptions and can catch problems before they start.
No one wants to swap one health problem for another. By sharing stories and facts, people can speak up for themselves, ask the right questions, and watch out for their families.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]acetic acid |
| Other names |
Indomethacin Indocid Indocin Metindol Indocap |
| Pronunciation | /ɪnˌdoʊˈmɛtəsɪn/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]acetic acid |
| Other names |
Indomethacin Indocin Indocid Metindol Indo-Lemmon |
| Pronunciation | /ɪnˌdoʊˈmɛtəsɪn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 53-86-1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | `3D model (JSmol)` string for **Indometacin**: ``` C1=CC(=CC=C1C(=O)NC2=CC=CC=C2Cl)C3=CC=CO3C(=O)O ``` This is the standard **SMILES** string representation used to generate the 3D JSmol model for Indometacin. |
| Beilstein Reference | 3574905 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:49662 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL125 |
| ChemSpider | 2157 |
| DrugBank | DB00328 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.010.654 |
| EC Number | 1.14.99.1 |
| Gmelin Reference | 107284 |
| KEGG | D00107 |
| MeSH | D004311 |
| PubChem CID | 3715 |
| RTECS number | NT1225046 |
| UNII | FK77B06NLL |
| UN number | UN1851 |
| CAS Number | 53-86-1 |
| Beilstein Reference | 136514 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:49662 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL indometacin: **CHEMBL112** |
| ChemSpider | 2157 |
| DrugBank | DB00328 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.012.397 |
| EC Number | EC 3.1.1.53 |
| Gmelin Reference | 79063 |
| KEGG | D00134 |
| MeSH | D01598 |
| PubChem CID | 3715 |
| RTECS number | NL3676000 |
| UNII | FJI4OJ9V7J |
| UN number | UN1851 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C19H16ClNO4 |
| Molar mass | 357.79 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellowish-white, crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.12 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | slightly soluble |
| log P | 2.92 |
| Vapor pressure | 5.2E-10 mmHg |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.5 |
| Basicity (pKb) | pKb = 11.44 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -94.0·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.631 |
| Dipole moment | 4.02 Debye |
| Chemical formula | C19H16ClNO4 |
| Molar mass | 357.8 g/mol |
| Appearance | white or yellowish-white, crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.08 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Slightly soluble |
| log P | 4.27 |
| Vapor pressure | 4.38E-10 mmHg |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.5 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 4.5 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -276 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.638 |
| Viscosity | Viscosity: 68.8 cp |
| Dipole moment | 3.38 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 270.8 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -454.2 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -43117.7 kJ/mol |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 296.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -482.3 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -7269 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | M01AB01 |
| ATC code | M01AB01 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, bleeding, kidney dysfunction, increased risk of cardiovascular events, hypersensitivity reactions, and central nervous system effects such as headache and dizziness. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | GHS06, GHS08 |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H302+H312+H332, H318 |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of the reach of children. If swallowed, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. |
| Flash point | 257°C |
| Autoignition temperature | 400°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD₅₀ (oral, rat): 50 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose) = 50 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| NIOSH | N02BE01 |
| PEL (Permissible) | PEL not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 200mg daily |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not Listed |
| Main hazards | May cause gastrointestinal irritation, bleeding, ulceration, CNS effects (headache, dizziness), renal impairment, hypersensitivity reactions. |
| GHS labelling | GHS labelling for Indometacin: `"GHS07, GHS08"` |
| Pictograms | GHS06, GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335, H361 |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of reach of children. If medical advice is needed, have product container or label at hand. Read label before use. Avoid release to the environment. |
| Flash point | 133°C |
| Autoignition temperature | 315 °C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral rat 50 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose) of Indometacin: 50 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| NIOSH | MU8222000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 0.2 mg/m³ |
| REL (Recommended) | 100 mg daily |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not listed. |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Acemetacin Benzpindole Bumetanide Dolutegravir Etodolac Indobufen Indoprofen Ketorolac Sulindac Tolmetin |
| Related compounds |
Benzphetamine Carprofen Etodolac Ketoprofen Sulindac Tolmetin |
