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West Ujimqin Banner, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China
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Chemical Name: Acacia Senegal Gum
Other Names: Gum Acacia, E414
Recommended Uses: Food additive, emulsifier, thickener in beverages, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics
Manufacturer: Commonly produced in Sudan, Chad, Nigeria; supplied globally
Contact Points for Emergency Information: Refer to local distributor’s emergency contacts or poison control center
CAS Number: 9000-01-5
UN Number: Not classified as hazardous for transport
Emergency Procedures: Contact local emergency services for large spills or accidental ingestion
Classification: Largely considered non-hazardous under normal conditions
Risk Phrases: May cause irritation to eyes on direct contact, mild irritation if inhaled as dust
Symptoms of Exposure: Irritation to airway, mild redness if in eyes, no chronic toxicity reported
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation of powder form might lead to coughing; rare chance of allergic reaction for sensitive individuals
Label Elements: Often exempt from strict labeling, though dust warnings appear on industry bulk packaging
Main Ingredient: Gum Arabic (natural exudate from Acacia trees)
Purity Level: Usually between 95% and 100%, remaining content includes trace amounts of water, minerals, sometimes minor plant proteins
Additives or Impurities: On occasion, minor contaminants like sand, plant debris, or pesticides
Physical Form: Lightly beige, glassy nodules or powder
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, rinse mouth, seek medical attention for persistent breathlessness
Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with clean water for several minutes, seek further attention if discomfort persists
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with soap and water
Ingestion: Drink plenty of water, product widely used in food but ensure no choking or allergic response
Additional Measures: Always consult a medical practitioner in the rare instance of severe allergic reaction or large accidental ingestion by children
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use CO2, dry chemical, or foam extinguishers for fire involving packaging material; water spray for larger outdoor fires
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: No specific agents contraindicated, avoid high-pressure water jets that can scatter product
Specific Hazards from Combustion: Burning produces CO, CO2, possibly small amounts of NOx
Protective Equipment and Procedures: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus due to smoke and possible dust
Special Considerations: Dust in air may ignite, though practical experience makes this rare in non-industrial use
Personal Protective Measures: Wear dust mask, gloves, goggles to avoid contact and inhalation in massive spills
Environmental Precautions: Avoid washing powder into streams or sewers – bulk spills can gum up drains and water treatment plants
Clean Up Procedures: Sweep up powder; shovel or vacuum into suitable containers for reuse or disposal; avoid stirring dust into the air
Disposal: Non-hazardous, can be disposed of with domestic or commercial waste considering local regulations
Safe Handling Advice: Handle containers gently to minimize dust; keep packaging tightly closed to exclude moisture
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, clean, well-ventilated space
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, excess humidity, direct contact with water sources during storage causes clumping
Technical Precautions: Employ basic hygiene practices—wash hands after handling, avoid contact with eyes or prolonged skin exposure
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established threshold values in most jurisdictions; general nuisance dust standards may apply (typically 10 mg/m³)
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, especially during large-scale powder transfer; containment by bagging limits risk
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves for bulk work, safety glasses or goggles where dust exists, dust mask or respirator for continuous airborne exposure
General Hygiene: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking; remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse
Appearance: Off-white to pale yellow powder or granules, bland taste
Odor: Practically odorless
pH (5% solution): 4.0 – 5.5
Melting Point: Decomposes, does not melt cleanly
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, forms viscous solutions; insoluble in oils and most organic solvents
Density: 1.35 - 1.49 g/cm³
Flash Point: Not flammable in solid form
Explosive Properties: Not explosive, but fine dust in high concentrations with ignition source could create dust explosion hazard in enclosed zones
Chemical Stability: Stable under usual ambient conditions
Reactivity: Non-reactive with foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, typical packaging materials
Hazardous Reactions: No hazardous polymerization or hazardous decomposition products under normal storage and use
Conditions to Avoid: High humidity, excess heat, direct sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids and strong oxidizers may degrade product and release unpleasant fumes
Acute Toxicity: Considered non-toxic; LD50 (oral, rat): >5,000 mg/kg (practically non-toxic)
Chronic Toxicity: Long history of safe use in food, nearly no cases of chronic toxicity in humans or animals
Potential Health Effects: Overexposure to dust might cause mild respiratory irritation
Carcinogenicity: Not considered carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA, or EU agencies
Allergenic Potential: Very low, though occupational sensitization has occurred rarely in gum collectors
Effect on Reproduction: No evidence of reproductive toxicity
Environmental Fate: Biodegradable, breaks down by microbial action naturally in soil and water
Aquatic Toxicity: Not expected to be toxic to fish, invertebrates, or aquatic plants
Bioaccumulation: Does not bioaccumulate
Mobility in Soil: Limited movement; dissolves in water, but does not persist in environment or groundwater
Potential Effects: Bulk disposal in water can form sticky sludges, so avoid large accidental releases into waterways
Waste Disposal Methods: Small quantities go with regular waste; industrial quantities should follow local environmental authority guidance
Recycling: Product can be composted in most cases
Packaging Disposal: Cardboard and clean plastics can be recycled; contaminated wrappings follow municipal guidelines
Precautions for Waste Disposal: Avoid releasing to surface water bodies, rivers, or sewers in large volumes
UN Number: Not assigned, not categorized as hazardous cargo
Transport Hazard Class: Not regulated for road, rail, sea, or air transport
Packing Group: Not required
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture during transport
Labelling: Marked for identification only; no hazard symbols required
Bulk Shipping: Use sealed, moisture-proof bags or drums
Global Inventories: Listed on major chemical inventories, such as TSCA (US), REACH (EU), AICS (Australia), DSL (Canada)
Food Additive Regulations: Approved as food additive E414, allowed in most countries within prescribed limits
Workplace Safety: No OSHA-specific hazards, but workplace should follow general dust safety rules
Labelling Regulations: No specific required hazard pictograms; requires basic identifier and storage instructions only
Other Statutory Rules: Follow national chemical safety and environmental legislation when distributing or exporting bulk quantities
West Ujimqin Banner, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China
