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Material Safety Data Sheet: Garlic Oil

1. Identification

Product Name: Garlic Oil
Synonyms: Garlic Essential Oil, Garlic Extract Oil
Chemical Family: Natural Plant Oil
Recommended Use: Flavoring, Fragrance, Food Additive, Traditional Medicine Applications
Supplier Details: Manufacturer and distributor information with contact phone, address, and emergency contact
Emergency Contact Phone: 24-hour helpline provided by local chemical safety authority or poison control

2. Hazard Identification

Classification: Eye Irritant Category 2, Skin Sensitizer Category 1
Hazard Pictograms: Exclamation Mark, Corrosive
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation, may cause allergic skin reaction, causes serious eye irritation, harmful if inhaled in large concentration
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapor, wear gloves and eye protection, wash hands thoroughly after handling, if eye contact occurs rinse cautiously with water for several minutes

3. Composition / Information on Ingredients

Main Components: Diallyl Disulfide (60–80%), Diallyl Trisulfide (8–18%), Allyl Methyl Sulfide (4–10%)
Other Constituents: Minor volatiles, Allicin, Essential fatty acids
CAS Numbers: 8000-78-0 (Garlic Oil), 2179-57-9 (Diallyl Disulfide), 2050-87-5 (Diallyl Trisulfide)
Impurities: Trace solvents from extraction process, potential natural allergens
Concentration Ranges: See above for major composition; remainder is natural plant matrix

4. First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air, seek medical attention if symptoms persist, monitor for respiratory distress
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash with soap and water, consult doctor if rash or discomfort begins
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses, get medical assistance immediately
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek medical advice, show product label if possible
Most Important Symptoms: Redness, irritation, coughing, burning sensations, respiratory discomfort

5. Fire-Fighting Measures

Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam
Special Hazards: Combustible liquid, may emit toxic fumes including oxides of sulfur on burning
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus
Firefighting Instructions: Use water spray to cool exposed containers, avoid inhaling smoke, control runoff to prevent environmental contamination

6. Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, chemical splash goggles, and suitable clothing, ensure adequate ventilation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spills entering drains, watercourses, or soil
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb with inert material such as sand or earth, collect in suitable container, dispose following local regulations, clean spill site with soap and water, ventilate area

7. Handling and Storage

Safe Handling Practices: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, do not breathe vapors, use in a fume hood when possible
Advice on Storage: Store in a tightly closed container, inert atmosphere is preferred to slow oxidation, keep away from heat sources or open flames
Storage Conditions: Cool, dry, and well-ventilated space, dedicate area for storage away from incompatible substances (oxidizers, acids)

8. Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: No established workplace exposure limits for garlic oil, manage ventilation based on vapor presence
Technical Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, general room ventilation, avoid accumulation of vapor
Personal Protective Equipment: Protective gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety glasses with side shields, lab apron, respirator if vapor forms
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and after handling product, launder clothing contaminated by spills

9. Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Yellow to brown liquid, potent garlic odor
Odor Threshold: Strong, characteristically garlic, detectable at very low concentrations
pH: Not applicable (oil)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Below -20°C (liquid at room temp)
Boiling Range: 180°C–260°C
Flash Point: Approximately 95°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Slow
Flammability: Combustible
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature
Solubility: Insoluble in water, miscible with organic solvents (alcohols, oils)
Partition Coefficient: Log Pow not established; expected to be high
Viscosity: Moderate
Decomposition Temperature: Decomposes at high heat, emitting pungent fumes

10. Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage, prone to oxidation in presence of light and air
Reactive Materials: May react with strong oxidizers and acids
Hazardous Reactions: Generates unpleasant sulfurous gases if decomposed thermally
Conditions to Avoid: Prolonged exposure to high temperatures, direct sunlight, air exposure
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, allyl compounds, pungent organic vapors

11. Toxicological Information

Potential Health Effects: Irritation to skin, mucous membranes, and eyes; inhalation may cause respiratory tract discomfort; ingestion can lead to stomach upset
Acute Toxicity: Low oral toxicity typical for essential oils; LD50 for main components (rats, oral): Diallyl Disulfide ~260 mg/kg
Chronic Toxicity: Prolonged exposure may sensitize skin or cause contact dermatitis
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Mutagenicity: No evidence from available studies
Reproductive Toxicity: No data suggesting significant risk at typical exposures
Target Organs: Skin, respiratory tract, eyes

12. Ecological Information

Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Harmful to aquatic organisms in concentrated form, may cause long-term adverse effects
Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradable in soil and water, breakdown via microorganisms
Bioaccumulation: Oil nature means potential persistence in sediment, not likely to bioaccumulate significantly in higher organisms
Mobility in Soil: Binds to organic matter, not highly mobile
Other Adverse Effects: Large quantities alter microbial flora in wastewater treatment, may generate odor problems upon release

13. Disposal Considerations

Disposal Methods: Send surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed chemical disposal company, incinerate under controlled conditions
Packaging Disposal: Empty containers retain vapor and liquid residue, handle as hazardous waste, triple rinse and puncture.
Environmental Precautions: Do not discharge into surface water or sewers, follow all applicable regional, national, and local laws on disposal

14. Transport Information

UN Number: Not specifically assigned; transport under oil regulations
Transport Hazard Class: Not regulated as dangerous goods under most transport guidelines
Packing Group: No applicable packing group required
Shipping Name: Plant Oil, N.O.S. (Not Otherwise Specified)
Special Precautions: Protect from heat, package securely in leakproof, corrosion-resistant containers; maintain upright during transit
Environmental Hazards: Not considered a marine pollutant, though leakage can taint cargo and environment

15. Regulatory Information

Safety Regulations: OSHA workplace safety guidelines recommend proper labeling and employee training
Chemical Inventory: Garlic oil and major components listed on TSCA, EINECS, AICS
Labeling Requirements: Signal words, hazard and precautionary statements per GHS/CLP regulations
Specific National Regulations: Food additive and fragrance uses regulated by FDA, EFSA; workplace exposures under OSHA; waste handling may require EPA registration for quantities above household level
Other Regulation: Check local and international environmental and transport codes for updates as garlic oil classification changes based on purity and extraction practice