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Product Name: Doxycycline Hydrochloride
Synonyms: 4-(Dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide hydrochloride
Chemical Formula: C22H24N2O8 • HCl
Molecular Weight: 480.90 g/mol
Recommended Use: Antibiotic for treatment of infections
Manufacturer: Major pharmaceutical suppliers; contact details vary by region
Emergency Contact: Nation-specific poison control center or manufacturer’s safety hotline
Classification: Hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
Health Hazards: May cause eye and skin irritation, allergic reactions, and gastrointestinal disturbances; possible effects on liver and kidneys with prolonged exposure
Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic organisms
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: May cause respiratory irritation, may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure, may cause an allergic skin reaction
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or powder, wash exposed skin thoroughly, wear suitable protective clothing and equipment
Main Ingredient: Doxycycline Hydrochloride
CAS Number: 10592-13-9
Concentration: Typically 98-100%
Other Components: No significant impurities expected at pharmaceutical grade
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist such as coughing, shortness of breath, or wheezing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash area thoroughly with soap and water; if skin irritation or rash develops, get medical aid
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do; medical assistance needed for persistent redness or pain
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water; never induce vomiting unless directed by a medical professional; seek immediate advice from a health provider or poison center
Most Important Acute Symptoms: Gastrointestinal discomfort, rash, headache
Delayed Effects: Photosensitivity, possible impacts on liver or kidney
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, CO2, dry powder, foam
Extinguishing Media Unsuitable: Strong jets of water can disperse powder and increase contamination risk
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions (carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride)
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear, avoid inhaling combustion gases
Firefighting Advice: Approach from upwind, contain contaminated runoff if possible
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, eye protection, NIOSH-certified respirator; prevent contact with skin, eyes, clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release into sewers, drains, natural waterways
Cleanup Methods: Use methods minimizing dust creation—dampen spilled material, scoop into labeled waste container; ventilate area thoroughly; wash spill site after cleanup
Emergency Procedures: Evacuate nonessential personnel; report release to environmental and safety authorities if required
Safe Handling: Avoid inhaling dust, avoid contact with skin and eyes, wash hands before eating or drinking, minimize exposure via engineering controls such as fume hoods
Storage Conditions: Store tightly closed in original container, cool and dry, away from sunlight and incompatible materials (oxidizing agents, strong acids/bases)
Special Precautions: Keep away from food and beverages; do not store near incompatible chemicals; maintain access to eyewash stations and safety showers
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific national exposure limit for doxycycline hydrochloride; use general dust exposure guidelines (e.g., OSHA PEL for particulates not otherwise regulated)
Engineering Controls: Laboratory fume hood or local exhaust ventilation recommended
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, gloves made of nitrile or latex, laboratory coat, NIOSH-approved respirator for high concentrations
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing immediately, wash hands and skin exposed to material after handling, separate work clothing from normal apparel
Appearance: Yellow crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 201-202°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Solubility: Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol
pH (1% solution): 2.0–3.0
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Density: Approximately 1.5 g/cm³
Partition coefficient (log Kow): -0.6
Flash Point: Not flammable as a solid, not applicable
Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling conditions
Instability Conditions: High temperature, exposure to light, acidic or alkaline conditions
Materials to Avoid: Strong acids, bases, oxidizing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride upon combustion
Polymerization: Does not undergo hazardous polymerization
Routes of Exposure: Skin, eye contact, inhalation, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Data from animal studies—Oral LD50 (rat): approximately 1700 mg/kg
Chronic Effects: Potential for allergic skin reactions, effects on liver and kidney at high or repeated doses, photosensitivity, possible impact on teeth and bone in children
Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin eruptions, headache, photosensitivity
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: Not expected to be mutagenic under normal working conditions
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and aquatic invertebrates; studies show potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic species
Persistence and Degradability: Moderately persistent in aquatic environments, slow biodegradation
Bioaccumulative Potential: Expected to be low based on log Kow value, but bioaccumulation in aquatic food webs cannot be ruled out
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile; binds to soil particles but can leach to groundwater in sandy soils
Other Adverse Effects: Potential contribution to antibiotic resistance in environments contaminated with pharmaceutical waste
Disposal Methods: Incinerate in licensed facility or dispose of as hazardous pharmaceutical waste in accordance with local, regional, and national laws
Container Disposal: Rinse empty containers, dispose of through hazardous waste program
Waste Code: Consult local environmental authorities for specific code
Precautions: Do not discharge to surface water, sewers, or landfill; avoid contamination of food and feed
UN Number: Not regulated for transport under ADR/RID/IMDG/IATA
Proper Shipping Name: Doxycycline Hydrochloride
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as dangerous cargo
Packing Group: Not assigned
Special Precautions: Prevent breakage or leakage, store away from food and incompatible substances during transit
Labeling Requirements: Handle as a hazardous chemical within workplace setting according to national regulations
Global Inventory Status: Listed on inventories such as TSCA (for research), DSL, EINECS/ELINCS
OSHA Status: Considered hazardous based on health effects
WHMIS Status: D2B – Toxic Material Causing Other Toxic Effects
EPA Status: Not registered pesticide; compliance with pharmaceutical waste disposal guidelines required
SARA Title III: Not subject to reporting under Section 313
State Regulations: Varies by jurisdiction; check local workplace exposure and health-safety ordinances
Other Guidelines: Handle and dispose in accordance with current Good Manufacturing Practices and local health and environmental rules
