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Long before fish oil hit the shelves as a daily supplement, populations living near coastlines enjoyed fatty fish as a regular part of their diets. Scientists dug deeper and found that the secret sauce in those traditional diets was DHA, a big player among the omega-3 fatty acids. By the late 20th century, nutritionists started connecting DHA intake with better brain health and vision across the lifespan. As the supplement market expanded, companies drew on this research to offer concentrated sources and even vegetarian alternatives, opening up new options for folks who steer clear of seafood. The past two decades saw research ramp up, funding flow in, and major regulatory agencies approve refined, high-purity forms for infant formula and medical foods. DHA moved from the background of nutritional science into homes, clinics, and food processing plants.
Whether packaged for a prenatal vitamin or splashed across functional drink labels, DHA usually comes from fish oil or algae oil. Capsules crowd pharmacy shelves, but food and beverage producers are now packing it into everything from baby formula to fitness bars. Microencapsulation can mask its ocean-like taste and keep oxidation in check, so adding it to products feels easier for manufacturers and less daunting for picky eaters. A quick scan in any supplement shop throws up names like “Vegan Omega-3 (DHA),” “Marine DHA,” and “Algal DHA,” each touting a sustainable edge or cleaner flavor. The demands from allergy-prone consumers and plant-based diets tip trends even further toward algae-sourced DHA.
DHA doesn’t behave like most dietary fats. It boasts 22 carbon atoms strung together with six double bonds, making it one of the most unsaturated fatty acids out there. This impressive unsaturation explains its fluidity—even at cold temperatures. It pours as a clear, pale-yellow oil, tends to oxidize fast without antioxidants, and carries a distinct, oceanic odor when isolated. Since its structure is so curved, DHA tucks neatly into cell membranes and gives them flexibility. Purity ranges available on the market often climb above 90%. Still, high concentrations need cold storage and careful handling, as the risk of rancidity rises with every exposure to light or air.
Formal standards guide DHA products through a gauntlet of regulatory checkpoints. The US Pharmacopeia and other authorities require clear identification, precise concentration (often written in mg per serving), and proof of purity well above 95% for pharmaceutical grades. Food labeling laws, like those set by the FDA or EFSA, demand full ingredient lists, source disclosure (fish, algae, or synthetic), and, for supplements, information about possible contaminants. Top-tier manufacturers voluntarily publish third-party test results for heavy metals or PCBs. Sometimes, labels stretch claims with phrases like “brain power” or “for heart health,” but health authorities clamp down if those claims wander too far from established science.
Fish oil starts with trawling small, oily fish—think anchovies or sardines. The raw oil comes out via pressing or gentle heating, then companies refine it, strip away odor-causing proteins, and distill out DHA-rich fractions. Algae-based DHA sidesteps the ocean completely. Manufacturers grow select microalgae strains in closed tanks, harvest the biomass, and then use hexane extraction or supercritical CO2 to concentrate the oil. Enzymatic technologies can tweak the oil’s structure to boost DHA content, which gives food makers a product that fits their recipes with less off-taste. These manufacturing steps often mean the oil must be stabilized straight away with antioxidants like vitamin E or rosemary extract.
DHA’s complex structure means it’s always one step away from turning rancid, so chemists work to stabilize it. Microencapsulation wraps molecules in a protective coating, which extends shelf life and masks smell. Chemical conversion methods—like ethyl esterification—make a form more absorbable or concentrate it for pharmaceuticals. Some new pathways even coax genetically engineered yeast or algae to crank up DHA output without any fish involved. Researchers keep searching for tweaks that lock in flavor and potency, but every advancement must run the regulatory gauntlet before reaching consumers.
DHA hides behind names like “docosahexaenoic acid,” “cervonic acid,” or “cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid” in technical materials. Food and supplement labels usually keep things simple, calling it “Omega-3 (DHA),” “marine-derived DHA,” or “vegetarian DHA” depending on where it comes from. Chemical suppliers and industry professionals sometimes use CAS Number 6217-54-5 to identify it unambiguously in regulatory paperwork or export documents.
Product safety circles around two persistent questions: contamination and oxidation. Producers must screen raw fish oils for mercury, PCBs, and dioxins, using high-speed chromatography to prove trace levels don’t slip through. Algae oils usually sidestep the heavy metal issue but still need controls on pathogens and environmental pollutants. GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) rules lay out strict handling, storage at low temperatures, and tracking systems from harvest to finished capsule. Routine batch testing forms the backbone, as both regulators and savvy buyers ask for traceability and third-party lab verification. WHO and FDA recommendations lay out safe intake limits for infants, adults, and people with underlying health conditions to guard against excess bleeding risk or nutrient imbalance.
On store shelves, DHA sits in prenatal vitamins, children’s gummies, fortified dairy alternatives, and bottled sports drinks. In clinics, DHA-enriched formulas may land on a neonatologist’s prescription pad for premature infants. The skincare sector blends DHA into serums or lotions, banking on research that links it with skin barrier function. Pet food makers add it to boost cognitive development in puppies and kittens. Researchers around the world use highly purified DHA as a benchmark control in lab studies exploring neuroprotection, inflammation, and cardiovascular health.
Medical literature grows thicker with every year as new studies dissect DHA’s influence on cognitive performance, mental health, and even the aging retina. A notable shift comes as nutritionists focus on life stages—infancy, pregnancy, and older adults. The push toward plant-based diets has powered innovation in fermentation tech, with companies genetically tuning algae and yeast to crank out DHA with far less environmental strain. Clinical trial results still vary, but most scientists agree that, from childhood through old age, incorporating a reliable source of DHA often matches up with stronger cognitive scores and healthier blood lipid profiles.
DHA is generally well-tolerated at standard doses, but no nutrient gets a free pass. Excessive supplementation can thin blood and raise bleeding risk, especially for adults taking anticoagulant medications. Long-term animal studies and human case reviews rarely point to toxicity, but some spotlight the risks of contaminated or highly oxidized oils. Regulatory agencies recommend clear intake limits for infants and pregnant women, and watchdog groups keep pressure on suppliers to keep exposure to harmful byproducts below detection limits. Buyers looking to add DHA to their routine should double-check both the product’s source and any published third-party purity results.
Looking ahead, the biggest changes lie in sustainable DHA production and delivery technology. As overfishing threatens ocean ecosystems, fermentation-derived DHA promises a cleaner, scalable alternative. Microencapsulation gets better every year, reducing fishy aftertaste and making DHA easier to blend into mainstream foods from pasta to dairy. Big breakthroughs could come from gene-edited algae or even crops engineered for omega-3 output. As researchers map DHA’s role in chronic disease prevention, both public health agencies and food companies will have a stake in making it widely available while keeping it safe and affordable for families everywhere.
DHA belongs to the omega-3 fatty acid family. Fatty acids play a role in keeping our cells strong and functional, but DHA goes further, affecting the structure and performance of our brains, eyes, and heart. Most people learn about omega-3s from fish oil supplements or diet advice about eating more salmon and sardines. The reason for that: DHA builds up in our bodies, especially in neural tissue and the retina.
Growing up, few people stress about the nutrition that shapes the brain. But as we learn more about dementia and cognitive decline, DHA keeps coming up in studies. The highest levels in the human body show up in the brain. Research provides a clear connection—children with higher DHA levels tend to score better on cognitive tests, and adults with more DHA show slower rates of memory loss. Pregnant women who get enough DHA help their babies’ brains form connections that last a lifetime. Even in older adults, maintaining DHA in the diet links with sharper memory and focus.
Anybody who has visited an eye doctor in the last ten years would have noticed omega-3 supplements near the checkout counter. There’s science behind this marketing. The retina depends on DHA to organize its light sensors and keep vision clear. People who don’t get enough DHA risk blurry vision, particularly as they age. Some conditions like macular degeneration appear less often in people with higher DHA intake. Babies, too, need DHA for proper vision—premature infants especially benefit from it in formula or their mothers’ milk.
DHA’s positive effect on the heart goes past “good” and “bad” cholesterol. One key feature is its ability to ease blood vessel tension and calm inflammation. People who regularly eat fish rich in DHA often have lower blood pressure and a reduced chance of dying from heart disease. In some trials, people using DHA supplements see their triglycerides drop. Triglycerides, not just cholesterol, play a big part in developing artery plaques that block blood flow. By lowering them, DHA helps keep arteries open.
Fatty fish like mackerel, salmon, and sardines lead the pack for natural DHA. For people who avoid seafood, algae-based DHA offers an alternative—this also works well for vegetarians and vegans. Some eggs and yogurt are now fortified with DHA, but the amount is still lower than in fish. Food labels with specific omega-3 content make grocery shopping easier than guessing.
While DHA supplements earn a lot of attention, getting DHA through real food lets people absorb it alongside other nutrients. For those with medical conditions or dietary restrictions, doctors can measure omega-3 blood levels and recommend specific approaches.
Everyday meals offer a chance to fit in more DHA, but habit matters. Swapping in eggs enriched with DHA or enjoying a serving of grilled salmon each week can shift nutrient balance over time. For people who struggle with fish, blending in DHA-fortified options or a daily algae supplement gives a practical alternative. Periodic blood tests might help track whether changes are working, especially for anyone concerned about memory, heart health, or their vision as they age.
DHA, or docosahexaenoic acid, comes up a lot in conversations about brain health and heart support. Most folks hear about it as part of omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil or algae-based supplements. Nutritionists talk about DHA because the human body relies on it for nerve cell construction. The brain actually contains a lot of DHA, especially during childhood development and pregnancy, but people of all ages still benefit from it.
Plenty of research shows DHA helps with brain function. One clinical study published in the journal Neurology found that people with higher DHA levels had better memory performance than those with lower levels. Studies on infants and pregnant women flagged DHA as crucial for a baby’s cognitive development. Some evidence points toward heart health too. DHA can lower triglycerides, fight inflammation, and help keep blood pressure under control.
Doctors and dietitians rely on peer-reviewed evidence to support these claims. The FDA has even approved health claims linking omega-3 intake (including DHA) to reduced risk of coronary heart disease. The American Heart Association also recommends eating about two servings of fish per week to supply enough DHA and EPA.
Around 250 to 500 mg of combined EPA and DHA per day works well for most healthy adults, according to many nutritional bodies. Pregnant and breastfeeding women might go a bit higher, up to 1,000 mg daily, because they share DHA with their developing baby. Too much omega-3 can thin the blood and cause bleeding issues, especially above 3,000 mg per day. That’s why it pays to stick close to the suggested range.
Years ago, I decided to take an algae-based DHA supplement after reading about brain benefits. My doctor suggested sticking to recommended dosages because overdosing on any supplement opens the door to side effects. In my case, I felt more secure knowing the dose I took matched what the FDA calls “generally recognized as safe.” No stomach issues, and no change in bleeding or bruising, which some people do report if they get carried away.
Blood thinners mixed with high-dose DHA supplements can raise a red flag. Doctors usually tell people on medications like warfarin or aspirin to talk with them before adding more DHA. The same goes for those with seafood allergies, though algae oils give a plant-based alternative with the same omega-3 benefits. Anyone with chronic medical conditions or kids shouldn’t start supplements without a check-in with their healthcare provider.
Fish and seafood supply more than just omega-3s, so for most people, eating a balanced diet brings benefits without the worry of overdoing supplements. Vegetarians and vegans can look to algae-based DHA capsules. Clear labeling on supplements helps, but transparency about sourcing and purity needs more attention in the supplement industry overall. Lab tests and certifications like USP or NSF offer peace of mind if you prefer a pill or oil to a piece of salmon.
Listening to your own body matters as much as reading labels or guidelines. Personal experience plus evidence from large clinical trials tells us that moderate daily DHA is safe for most people. Healthcare professionals remain the best guides to tailor advice about dosage, possible side effects, and which sources fit your lifestyle. All things considered, it pays to be a bit skeptical, ask questions, and stick with brands that prove their product’s safety.
Walk through any health store and you’ll notice DHA supplements lining the shelves. Advertisements highlight the benefits for brain health, heart function, even eye support. Questions pop up quickly: What’s the right dose? Should every adult aim for the same amount? DHA, or docosahexaenoic acid, plays a real role in our bodies, particularly for the nerves and brain cells. Focusing only on ads or bottle labels misses the bigger picture.
Authoritative voices like the European Food Safety Authority and the U.S. National Institutes of Health land on similar numbers. A lot of experts in nutrition consider 250 to 500 mg of combined EPA and DHA per day a reasonable target for adults. That covers general wellness. The science repeatedly shows this range supports heart health, especially for people with low fish intake. For pregnant and breastfeeding women, talk shifts to supporting fetal brain development. Here, recommendations bump up—sometimes past 700 mg—but always with a reminder to check with a healthcare provider.
It's tempting to think, “If a little helps, more is better.” Bodies don’t work that way. Overshooting the dose can thin the blood, mess with immunity, or even pose risks if someone takes prescription blood thinners. There’s also a difference between getting DHA from fish two times a week versus popping a big handful of capsules every morning. Absorption and effects shift based on the food in your stomach, whether you take omega-3s with other fats, and your age.
Everyday life shapes nutrient needs. Someone eating fatty fish like salmon or sardines a few times a week probably doesn’t require as much supplementation as a strict vegan or someone who keeps fish off their plate. Blood levels of omega-3s depend on dozens of factors: how the body digests fats, other nutrients in the diet, genetics, and even geography. An older adult focusing on brain health, a young athlete thinking about recovery, or a new parent—each has unique needs. No single recommendation fits all pockets of the population.
Trusted health heads suggest a food-first approach. Fish, algae, walnuts, flaxseeds, and eggs all bring omega-3s to the table. Supplements fill in the cracks where diet leaves gaps. Quality checks matter—a lot of cheap brands skip purity testing or add unnecessary fillers. Independent third-party tests from consumer labs often uncover surprises in mislabeled bottles. Reliable brands show clear labeling, supply certificates, and are open about sourcing. A quick chat with a dietitian or doctor can help translate science into the real world.
Building any supplement habit works best with self-awareness and knowledge, not just following marketing copy. Look at your plate. Pay attention to your health history, current medications, and activity levels. Start with recommended dose ranges, stick with reputable sources, and track how you feel. No need to chase the highest dose—just the right amount for your body. DHA plays an important role, but it’s always about steady habits and balance, not magic pills.
DHA tends to pop up everywhere—prenatal vitamins, baby formula, fish oil supplements. Its link to brain health and eye development in kids keeps parents and health-conscious adults adding it into routines. But not everyone pays close attention to what comes along for the ride.
Most news about DHA paints a pretty positive picture. Fatty fish and algae usually supply it, both promising more omega-3s for bodies and minds. Still, every nutrient carries two sides of the coin. So, it helps to know what people might not notice on every supplement label or fish dinner menu.
Years ago, I added high-dose fish oil to my breakfast. A few things showed up quick—nothing life-threatening, but fishy burps and occasional stomach cramps made mornings tough. Many friends who wanted to boost heart health or lower inflammation ran into the same thing. The reason usually ties back to how the body handles concentrated oils or new fats it isn't used to absorbing.
Other folks talk about looser stools or mild diarrhea. High amounts make digestion kick up a gear, especially if someone jumps from no supplements to 1000 milligrams or more a day. A few mention a lingering aftertaste, which doesn't sound serious, but it turns a healthy habit into something harder to keep up.
Less common stories paint a different picture. People on blood thinners or with bleeding disorders notice that sometimes DHA boosts the risk of bruising or bleeding. Omega-3s thin blood a bit, which works for some health goals, but mix that with certain health conditions or prescription meds, and it poses real problems.
Research not only confirms these everyday stories but digs a bit deeper. The National Institutes of Health notes that most people handle DHA well at typical dietary levels. Still, doses over 2–3 grams per day can start to nudge up those mild digestive issues and bleeding risks. Harvard School of Public Health points out that high intake, mostly from supplements, can lead to other effects like elevated blood sugar for some with diabetes, though the risk stays low for most healthy adults.
Allergies deserve a quick mention too. Anyone with a fish or shellfish allergy needs to double-check source information since cross-contamination happens. Most plant-based DHA supplements skip this problem, but labels need careful reading.
Health news often forgets to remind people to talk with a doctor or pharmacist before mixing supplements or making big changes. A simple ask—“Does this fit my health?”—saves trouble down the road, especially if someone already manages a medical condition. Keeping to food sources, like salmon or sardines, generally gives plenty of DHA and skips concentrated doses that cause the most trouble.
Supplements from algae sidestep fish allergies and often use lower doses, lowering risks for most people. Look for brands that get tested for purity and heavy metals, especially if buying online. Steering toward trusted products and starting slow lets the body adjust, setting up better outcomes for health instead of unwanted side effects.
Anyone who has wandered the supplement aisle or read up on prenatal health will run into three letters—DHA. It stands for docosahexaenoic acid, an omega-3 fatty acid you’ll usually spot on fish oil and prenatal supplement labels. Doctors, nutritionists, and parenting sites highlight its connections to brain and eye development, sounding pretty convincing for expecting or breastfeeding moms. But not everyone knows how this information fits into real life.
Prenatal vitamins have become a routine step when someone finds out they’re expecting. But a simple multivitamin doesn’t always give enough DHA, and many people don’t get much of it from food. Studies have shown that low levels during pregnancy can affect a child’s brain development and visual function. One research review published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that women who took DHA while pregnant or breastfeeding often saw modest improvements in their children’s cognitive skills. The World Health Organization and many national health authorities recommend adding 200–300 mg of DHA daily during pregnancy and lactation, because the growing baby draws from the mother's supply.
Salmon, sardines, and other cold-water fish deliver some of the highest doses. The trouble is, conversations in moms’ groups and doctor’s offices keep circling back to worries about mercury and contaminants in seafood. Experts recommend eating fatty fish two to three times a week, but that’s not always easy—food aversions and morning sickness make the grocery list short, and not everyone enjoys the taste. For those who don’t eat fish or want to steer clear for any reason, plant-based DHA from algae is widely available.
Supplements fill in the gaps. A high-quality prenatal with DHA rounds out the benefits, especially for folks who shun seafood or follow vegan diets. Look for brands with third-party purity testing. That means something, because supplements don't always get much oversight. Some prenatal vitamins bundle DHA with other nutrients, but not all do, so reading the label is key. My own experience as a parent showed that asking my OB-GYN to double-check my supplement choices took away any second-guessing.
Moms shouldn’t feel they must chase down the highest dose or spend extra on fancy fish oils. More isn’t always better—mega-doses haven’t shown extra benefits and could have risks. Instead, focus on meeting recommended amounts. Some people feel queasy from fish oil capsules; switching to algae oil or taking it with food often solves that. Occasional burping up a fishy taste isn’t pleasant, and that shouldn’t be ignored if it makes you skip doses. Good communication with healthcare providers helps tailor a plan to fit your preferences and medical concerns. People with seafood allergies or specific health conditions may need a different approach.
No one should feel pressured by overwhelming advice or marketing. Informed choices, not fads, keep moms and babies healthier—asking questions and trusting real science beats hype in the end. Reading up on DHA, checking with healthcare pros, and listening to your own body go a long way.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid |
| Other names |
DHA Cervonic acid 22:6(n-3) Doconexent Omega-3 fatty acid |
| Pronunciation | /ˌdoʊ.kə.səˌhiː.kˌsəˈiː.nɪk ˈæs.ɪd diːˌeɪtʃˈeɪ/ |
| Preferred IUPAC name | **(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid** |
| Other names |
DHA Cervonic Acid 22:6(n-3) All-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid cis-Docosahexaenoic acid |
| Pronunciation | /ˌdoʊ.kə.sə.həˈksiː.nə.ɪk ˈæsɪd diː.eɪtʃˈeɪ/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 6217-54-5 |
| Beilstein Reference | 81149 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:28320 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1429 |
| ChemSpider | 8161 |
| DrugBank | DB02163 |
| ECHA InfoCard | echa-infoCard-100.104.268 |
| EC Number | 3.1.1.4 |
| Gmelin Reference | 83492 |
| KEGG | C00733 |
| MeSH | D003635 |
| PubChem CID | 445580 |
| RTECS number | MI7442000 |
| UNII | 9Y2VD433SR |
| UN number | UN3082 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID2020867 |
| CAS Number | 6217-54-5 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1722763 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:28120 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1429 |
| ChemSpider | 7276 |
| DrugBank | DB00132 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 07e3e1c8-44e3-4576-aa03-422b4d491e09 |
| EC Number | 3.1.1.101 |
| Gmelin Reference | 708398 |
| KEGG | C06429 |
| MeSH | D002639 |
| PubChem CID | 445580 |
| RTECS number | MI9967000 |
| UNII | Y2M3201YNK |
| UN number | UN3082 |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DSSTox_CID_30501 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C22H32O2 |
| Molar mass | 328.488 g/mol |
| Appearance | Light yellow oily liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.943 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble in water |
| log P | 4.93 |
| Vapor pressure | < 1 mm Hg (20 °C) |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.73 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.4850 |
| Viscosity | Viscous liquid |
| Dipole moment | 2.1734 D |
| Chemical formula | C22H32O2 |
| Molar mass | 328.488 g/mol |
| Appearance | light yellow oily liquid |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 0.943 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble in water |
| log P | 4.93 |
| Vapor pressure | <0.0000001 mmHg at 25°C |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.79 |
| Basicity (pKb) | pKb ≈ 15 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -94.0 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.485 |
| Viscosity | Oil |
| Dipole moment | 2.97 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 815.8 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -815 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -9434.5 kJ/mol |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 813.1 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -812 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -9754.5 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | A11CC06 |
| ATC code | A11CC06 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | May cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | 🧠💊🐟 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Hazard statements: Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008. |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of reach of children. If you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medications, or have any medical condition, consult your doctor before use. Store in a cool, dry place. Do not use if seal under cap is broken or missing. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1-1-0 |
| Flash point | 113°C |
| Autoignition temperature | 220 °C |
| LD50 (median dose) | > 4.6 g/kg (oral, rat) |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 100-250 mg daily |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Main hazards | May cause eye, skin, and respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, GHS08 |
| Pictograms | 🧠💊🐟 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Hazard statements: Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS). |
| Precautionary statements | Keep out of reach of children. If you are pregnant, nursing, taking any medications or have any medical condition, consult your doctor before use. Store in a cool, dry place. Do not use if seal under cap is broken or missing. |
| Flash point | 113 °C |
| LD50 (median dose) | > 4.6 g/kg (oral, rat) |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 300–900 mg per day |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) Arachidonic acid (AA) Linoleic acid (LA) Omega-3 fatty acids Omega-6 fatty acids |
| Related compounds |
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) Arachidonic acid (AA) Stearidonic acid (SDA) Linoleic acid Oleic acid |
