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Trade Name: Cobalt(II) Sulfate
Chemical Name: Cobalt(II) sulfate
CAS Number: 10124-43-3
Synonyms: Sulfuric acid, cobalt(2+) salt; Cobaltous sulfate
Recommended Use: Electroplating, pigment production, battery manufacturing, animal feed supplement
Supplier: Contact details for the responsible supplier should be checked on the purchased product label
Emergency Telephone Number: Check local or supplier-provided emergency number
Hazard Classifications: Acute toxicity – oral, Category 4; Skin sensitization, Category 1; Carcinogenicity, Category 1B; Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 2; Hazardous to aquatic environment, chronic, Category 1
GHS Labels: Danger – Skull and crossbones, Exclamation Mark, Health Hazard, Environment
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, May cause allergic skin reaction, May cause cancer by inhalation, Causes damage to organs through prolonged exposure, Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection, wash thoroughly after handling, avoid release to the environment, do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact
Chemical Formula: CoSO4·xH2O (commonly heptahydrate)
Main Constituents: Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate (CoSO4·7H2O) 98–100%
Impurities: Minor traces of nickel, copper, iron compounds possible depending on production source
Inhalation: Move exposed person to fresh air, keep comfortable for breathing; seek medical advice if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with soap and water; seek attention if irritation or allergic reaction occurs
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy, continue rinsing; seek medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, do not induce vomiting, offer water to drink if the person is conscious; get medical help immediately
Most Important Symptoms: Headache, nausea, shortness of breath, skin redness, rash or irritation, cough, signs of allergic response
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: No specific types identified as incompatible for extinguishing
Fire Hazards: Cobalt sulfate does not burn, but in a fire situation hazardous fumes like sulfur oxides and cobalt oxides may be released
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus, protective suit
Advice: Prevent fire-fighting water from entering water bodies or sewers; contaminated water poses health risks
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, provide adequate ventilation, wear chemical-resistant gloves and goggles, avoid direct contact with dust and spills
Environmental Precautions: Prevent from entering waterways, drains or soil, contain spill if safe to do so
Cleanup Methods: Collect spill using dry methods, place in suitable closed container for disposal; avoid dust formation, wash contaminated surfaces with water, dispose of washings as hazardous waste
Handling: Handle in areas with adequate ventilation, avoid dust generation, minimize skin and eye contact, do not eat or drink while using this material, practice good industrial hygiene
Storage: Store in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from incompatible substances like strong acids and oxidizers, keep away from food and feed products
Incompatibilities: Strong acids, strong oxidizing agents
Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV (as cobalt): 0.02 mg/m³ (TWA, inhalable fraction)
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentration below permissible limits, use process enclosures if possible
Personal Protection: Wear safety glasses or chemical goggles, gloves resistant to chemicals (like nitrile or neoprene), long-sleeved clothing, approved respirator when dust may be generated
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating, after handling, shower after significant exposure, do not take contaminated clothing home
Appearance: Red to pink crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
Molecular Weight: 281.1 g/mol (heptahydrate)
Melting Point: Decomposes at 735°C (hexahydrate), loses water below 100°C
Solubility: Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol
pH (1% solution): Around 4.0 to 5.0
Density: About 2.05 g/cm³ (heptahydrate)
Boiling Point: Not applicable, decomposition before boiling
Vapor Pressure: Not significant at ambient conditions
Flash Point: Not applicable (non-flammable)
Explosive Properties: Not explosive
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions, decomposes on strong heating
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to strong heat, incompatibility with acids and oxidizers
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Emits toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and cobalt oxides if heated to decomposition
Reactivity: Generally unreactive, but may react with strong acids to produce hydrogen sulfide gas in rare cases
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): About 768 mg/kg
Health Effects: Harmful if ingested or inhaled, may cause allergic skin reactions, risks of chronic effects with repeated exposure including kidney, heart, and thyroid injury, possible carcinogenicity especially with inhalation
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact
Carcinogenicity: Classified by IARC as Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans); NTP reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
Sensitization: Can sensitize skin, leading to repeated allergic responses
Symptom Details: Cough, respiratory discomfort, rash, gastrointestinal distress, headache, signs of chronic cobalt exposure in extreme cases
Ecotoxicity: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting impacts
Persistence and Degradability: Inorganic material, persistent in the environment
Bioaccumulation: Can bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: Mobile in moist soil, risk of contaminating groundwater if released
Results of PBT and vPvB Assessment: Not fully assessed, potential environmental hazard due to toxicity and persistence
Waste Handling: Treat as hazardous waste under local/regional regulation
Disposal Methods: Send material for authorized chemical incineration or hazardous waste landfill, do not discharge to sewer or environment
Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate or dispose of containers as hazardous waste
Recommendations: Consult local authorities for disposal requirements
UN Number: 3288
UN Proper Shipping Name: Toxic solid, inorganic, n.o.s. (contains cobalt sulfate)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant
Transport Labels: Toxic and Marine Pollutant
Special Precautions: Protect packaging from physical damage, prevent spillage, ensure transport with appropriate safety documentation
OSHA Status: Regulated as hazardous
SARA Title III Sections 302/313: Listed
TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act): Listed
REACH Regulation: Subject to registration, listed as a substance of very high concern
California Proposition 65: Listed as causing cancer or reproductive toxicity
Other International Regulations: Subject to workplace safety and environmental regulations in many countries, cobalt sulfate is classified as dangerous goods for shipping
