Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) – Clove Leaf Oil

Identification

Product Name: Clove Leaf Oil
Chemical Name: Syzygium aromaticum Leaf Oil
Common Names: Clove Oil, Eugenia Caryophyllus Leaf Oil
CAS Number: 8000-34-8
EC Number: 283-633-7
Recommended Use: Fragrance, flavoring, aromatherapy, traditional remedies, and as a component in some topical preparations
Supplier Information: Manufacturer contact, emergency telephone number, business address, available on shipping documents

Hazard Identification

Classification: Flammable liquid, Hazardous to aquatic life, Skin irritant, Eye irritant, Sensitizing to skin
GHS Label Elements: Flame, Exclamation mark, Environment symbol
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Causes skin irritation, May cause allergic skin reaction, Causes serious eye irritation, Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects, Flammable liquid and vapor
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat sources, Wear protective gloves and eye protection, Avoid breathing vapors, Wash hands after handling, Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area, In case of fire: Use dry chemical or CO₂ to extinguish

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Main Components: Eugenol (60-90%), Beta-Caryophyllene (5-12%), Alpha-Humulene (1-3%), minor terpenes and other aromatic compounds
Impurities and Additives: No significant hazardous impurities reported at relevant concentrations
Ingredient Disclosure: All relevant constituents present above 1% are stated; minor natural variations occur based on harvest and origin

First Aid Measures

Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of clean water, remove contact lenses if present, seek medical advice if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with soap and water, seek medical assistance in case of persistent redness or irritation
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep at rest, obtain medical attention if symptoms such as coughing, dizziness, or headache occur
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly, seek medical advice, do not induce vomiting unless directed by a medical professional; offer water to drink if conscious
Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically, monitor for allergic response and respiratory involvement

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO₂), alcohol-resistant foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Do not use high-pressure water jets directly on burning liquid
Special Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, combustion may release carbon monoxide and irritating organic fumes
Firefighting Instructions: Evacuate area, use self-contained breathing apparatus, use protective clothing, prevent runoff to drains or watercourses
Explosion Risk: Vapors heavier than air, may travel along floors and flash back

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Remove ignition sources, ventilate area, avoid breathing vapors, wear protective gloves and safety goggles
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains or waterways, contain spill with inert absorbent material (sand, earth), inform authorities if significant pollution risk
Cleanup Methods: Soak up with inert material, collect in sealable containers for safe disposal, clean area with detergent and water, ventilate well after removal

Handling and Storage

Safe Handling: Handle in well-ventilated spaces, ground and bond containers when transferring liquid, keep away from flames and sources of sparks, avoid direct contact with skin and eyes, do not eat, drink or smoke in work areas
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area in tightly closed containers made of compatible materials (glass or specific plastics), keep container upright, segregate from oxidizing agents and sources of ignition, protect from sunlight
Specific End Uses: Use according to manufacturer’s instructions for fragrance compositions, topical applications, or as directed in blending with other oils

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No established threshold limit values for clove leaf oil, follow general industry hygiene practice
Engineering Controls: General ventilation, local exhaust at points of emission, flame-proof equipment for handling
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), safety goggles or face shields, lightweight flame-retardant clothing, use of respiratory protection (organic vapor cartridges) when ventilation inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after handling, avoid contact with skin or eyes, launder contaminated clothing before reuse
Environmental Control Measures: Avoid release to sewage systems, install collection pans or containment barriers

Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical State: Liquid
Color: Pale yellow to brownish
Odor: Strong spicy, clove-like aroma
pH: Not applicable (non-aqueous)
Boiling Point: Approximately 250°C (eugenol component)
Melting Point: Not measured as a mixture
Flash Point: ~94°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not rapid, comparable to similar aromatic essential oils
Flammability: Flammable liquid
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature, increases significantly with heat
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Relative Density: 1.03 - 1.07 (water = 1)
Solubility: Insoluble in water, miscible with alcohol and organic solvents
Partition Coefficient: log P (octanol/water): estimated around 2.5 for eugenol
Decomposition Temperature: Not fully characterized, above boiling point decomposition expected
Viscosity: Slightly viscous compared to water

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions, avoid prolonged exposure to air, light or moisture
Possible Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong oxidizers, acids or alkalis to generate heat and possible hazardous by-products
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sunlight, open flames, static discharge, incompatible materials
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidants (peroxides, chlorine), acids, bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Smoke, carbon monoxide, organic irritants (phenols, aldehydes)

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Low toxicity by skin exposure in adults, higher risk if swallowed, possible gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, cramping, diarrhea) if ingested; eugenol LD50 (oral, rat) reported as 2650 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes moderate skin irritation on repeated/prolonged contact; may cause sensitization
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes irritation, pain, redness on contact
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization: Can sensitize susceptible individuals, leading to allergic dermatitis
Germ Cell Mutagenicity: No evidence from limited studies
Carcinogenicity: No significant long-term human data, not classified by IARC
Reproductive Toxicity: Not considered a reproductive toxicant at low concentrations used for fragrance
STOT (Specific Target Organ Toxicity): Not specifically identified at typical levels of use
Aspiration Hazard: Not classified as aspiration hazard

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, long lasting effects in water environments
Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradable over days to weeks, but can persist if released in large quantities
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate potential (due to eugenol and related compounds)
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile, binds to soil humic substance or organic matter
Other Adverse Effects: May cause rapid oxygen depletion in confined water systems, toxic to some aquatic invertebrates and fish at high concentrations

Disposal Considerations

Disposal Methods: Incinerate in approved facility or dispose of through licensed chemical disposal contractor, never pour into drains, waterways, or soil
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse containers, puncture or crush before landfill, dispose of as chemical waste
Precautions: Local regulations on oily waste apply, consult environmental authority for restrictions

Transport Information

UN Number: 1169
Proper Shipping Name: Extracts, Aromatic, Liquid (Clove Leaf Oil)
Transport Hazard Class: Class 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Flammable liquid
Special Precautions: Emergency response guides for transportation incidents, use only in appropriately labeled and certified containers
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant marking required for sea freight

Regulatory Information

Regulatory Status: Registered for use in food and cosmetic products in many countries, subject to control as a hazardous chemical for workplace safety
Safety, Health and Environmental Regulations: Complies with REACH (Europe) for essential oils, listed under TSCA (USA), subject to GHS hazard communication
Inventory Listings: Present on AICS (Australia), DSL (Canada), EINECS/ELINCS (EU), ENCS (Japan)
Labelling Requirements: GHS-compliant hazard and precautionary statements, product identifier, manufacturer information
Workplace Controls: Must meet national occupational health guidelines for safe handling, personal protection, staff training