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Product Name: Cellobiase
Chemical Family: Enzyme, Glycoside Hydrolase
Supplier: Listed on packaging or container labeling. Check laboratory inventory records for further details.
CAS Number: 9001-22-3
Use: Commonly applied in biotechnological processing, biomass conversion, laboratory enzymology, and research projects dedicated to cellulosic hydrolysis.
Synonyms: β-Glucosidase, beta-D-glucoside glucohydrolase, cellobiose hydrolyase
Contact Details: Refer to designated laboratory safety officer and institutional EHS department for immediate assistance.
GHS Classification: According to available regulatory information, Cellobiase generally falls under nuisance dust or biological enzyme class. Many enzymatic powders may be respiratory sensitizers and could cause allergic reactions or asthma-like symptoms in sensitive individuals.
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. May cause mild skin or eye irritation. Not classified as acutely toxic by oral, dermal, or inhalation exposure.
Precautionary Statements: Wear suitable protective clothing and face protection. Avoid inhalation of dust or powder. Handle in well-ventilated space or under fume hoods. Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling. Wash hands and exposed skin after use.
Chemical Name: Cellobiase
Concentration: Activity expressed in Units/mg protein or Units/mL, with purity and grade dependent on source. Commercial preparations may contain buffering agents, stabilizing salts, and trace preservatives.
Formulation: Lyophilized powder or aqueous solution
Impurities: Minor quantities of buffer salts, sugars, non-enzymatic proteins possible.
Molecular Weight: Approximately 130 kDa (tetramer, varies by source species)
Enzyme Commission Number (EC): 3.2.1.21
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. If breathing becomes difficult, seek medical attention swiftly. Individuals with asthma or known allergies need assessment by healthcare professionals.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin thoroughly with soap and water. If irritation persists, consult a medical provider.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Maintain eye irrigation and obtain medical care if symptoms continue.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting without medical supervision. Seek medical help if large quantity swallowed or if symptoms develop.
General Measures: Always provide symptomatic treatment and keep enzyme container available for medical staff reference.
Flash Point: Non-flammable as supplied. Most forms considered negligible fire risk.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide depending on surrounding materials.
Specific Hazards: Thermal decomposition above 200°C may produce carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other irritating gases.
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear when fire is large or product is combusted intensively.
Advice for Firefighters: Apply water spray to cool unopened containers in area. Prevent runoff from entering drainage systems.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area of unprotected personnel. Avoid dust formation. Wear respirator, gloves, eye protection, and laboratory coat. Minimize skin exposure.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains and surface water. Avoid dust or solution contamination of surrounding workspaces.
Cleaning Methods: Sweep up spilled powder using damp methods or approved vacuum with HEPA filtration. Dispose collected material in a sealed chemical waste bag. Wash affected area with copious water and mild detergent.
Emergency Procedures: Notify safety authorities about large releases or if exposure occurs in a high-traffic laboratory zone.
Handling: Avoid dust generation and inhalation. Work under fume hood if possible. Wear personal protective equipment. Take care to prevent container breakage.
Storage: Store enzyme in tightly closed original packaging at 2-8°C or as recommended by supplier. Keep out of direct sunlight and moisture. Store away from strong acids, strong bases, and oxidizing materials. Label storage area as a protein/enzyme zone.
Special Precautions: Implement access controls for sensitive populations (such as those with enzyme allergies). Ensure training for new users before opening a new lot or package.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific OSHA or ACGIH threshold for Cellobiase; treat as generic protein dust (typically 10 mg/m³ for total dust, 5 mg/m³ for respirable fraction).
Engineering Controls: Use local ventilation, fume hood, or HEPA-filtered extraction. Maintain eyewash station and safety shower near workspace.
Personal Protective Equipment: Wear laboratory coat, nitrile or latex gloves, safety glasses with side shields or face shield. Wear particulate respirator (N95/P3) in powder form or if airborne concentration risks exist.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before and after handling. Remove and wash contaminated clothing.
Appearance: White to off-white lyophilized powder or colorless aqueous solution
Odor: Slight biological or protein-like aroma.
pH: Typically active in pH 4.5–6.0 (in solution, check lot specifications)
Melting/Freezing Point: Not applicable (protein denaturation above 60°C common)
Boiling Point: Not applicable
Solubility: Readily soluble in water
Vapor Pressure: Not relevant
Density: Not established (approximate bulk density 0.3–0.5 g/cm³ for powders)
Viscosity: Not relevant
Stability: Displays high loss of activity at moderate temperatures or pH extremes.
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions. Loses activity with repeated freeze-thaw cycles or improper pH.
Reactivity: No hazardous polymerization. Can degrade via hydrolysis or enzymatic autolysis over time.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Possible release of carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides in fire or severe thermal breakdown.
Acute Toxicity: Data from laboratory studies and supplier references point to very low oral, dermal, and inhalation toxicity. Enzymatic proteins can cause allergic and asthmatic symptoms in predisposed individuals.
Skin and Eye Contact: May cause irritation, redness, or mild inflammation, particularly with repeated contact.
Respiratory Effects: Sensitization risk, especially for workers with repeated or extensive contact. Asthmatic episodes have been documented among workers handling various enzyme powders.
Carcinogenicity: Cellobiase is not listed as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA.
Mutagenicity and Reproductive Effects: No reports of mutagenic or teratogenic effects in scientific literature.
Environmental Fate: Protein-based enzyme is biodegradable and tends to break down rapidly through microbial action in wastewater and soil.
Ecotoxicity: Low risk to aquatic environments at typical laboratory concentrations. High concentrations could create localized oxygen demand.
Persistence and Degradability: Not persistent. Readily broken down by bacteria, fungi, and natural proteases.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Unlikely, due to protein hydrolysis, rapid breakdown, and non-lipophilic properties.
Other Adverse Effects: Not expected at standard laboratory or industrial use levels.
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose enzyme solutions and solids in accordance with institutional, local, regional, and national regulations. Small laboratory quantities may go into biohazard or non-hazardous chemical waste streams per EHS guidance.
Packaging Disposal: Dispose empty containers with proper decontamination. Do not reuse empty containers without thorough cleaning.
Avoid Release: Do not pour excess enzyme directly into sinks if not diluted or neutralized. Avoid landfill disposal for bulk stocks unless permitted by jurisdiction.
UN Number: Not regulated for transport under UN, ADR, IMDG, IATA guidelines.
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as hazardous for transport.
Packing Group: Not assigned.
Labels: No special labeling for most enzyme shipments. Apply laboratory use or protein product stickers as required.
Special Transport Precautions: Package to prevent dust release. Keep cool during transit to avoid activity loss. Ensure labeling matches container contents for customs and import/export controls.
U.S. Regulations: Cellobiase falls under TSCA inventory exclusion for research and development use. OSHA hazard communication may apply due to sensibility risks.
EU Regulations: REACH exemption often applies for enzymes in research-grade packaging. May trigger allergen warning per CLP (Classification, Labeling, and Packaging) standards.
Labeling Requirements: Allergen warning and respiratory sensitizer advisory recommended for all personnel.
Other Compliance: Check local institutional biosafety committee or EHS office for additional handling, reporting, and record-keeping rules specific to biological enzymes.
