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Product Name: Carbon Dioxide
Chemical Formula: CO2
Synonyms: Carbonic acid gas, Dry ice (solid form), Gaseous carbon dioxide
CAS Number: 124-38-9
Recommended Use: Refrigeration, beverage carbonation, shielding gas in welding, fire suppression, chemical synthesis
Supplier Identification: Supplier address, emergency contact number, and non-emergency information line for up-to-date handling guidance
Hazard Classification: Pressurized gas, simple asphyxiant, non-flammable gas
Physical Hazards: Sudden release can cause cold burns, displace oxygen
Health Hazards: High concentrations cause headache, dizziness, rapid breathing, loss of consciousness, or suffocation
GHS Label Elements: Gas cylinder pictogram, signal word: Warning
Precautionary Statements: Avoid enclosed spaces, vent properly, prevent skin contact with expanding gas or dry ice
Hazard Statements: May cause frostbite, may displace oxygen and cause asphyxiation
Substance: Carbon Dioxide
Concentration: 99-100% by volume
Impurities: Typical impurities may include trace gases (nitrogen, oxygen), but not at concentrations warranting explicit reporting
Molecular Weight: 44.01 g/mol
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air, keep warm and at rest. Immediate medical attention if shortness of breath, confusion, or unconsciousness presents. If not breathing, trained personnel should provide artificial respiration.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing carefully, flush skin with lukewarm water, never use hot water. Seek medical care for frostbite, do not rub affected area
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids apart. Medical evaluation needed for irritation or cold burns
Ingestion: Not a likely route of exposure. For dry ice ingestion, rinse mouth, seek prompt medical help
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Product itself is not flammable. Use extinguishing media suitable for surrounding fire such as water spray, dry chemical, or foam
Specific Hazards: Cylinders exposed to extreme heat can rupture violently. Rapid sublimation of dry ice can increase pressure. Uncontrolled releases displace air
Protective Equipment: Full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus recommended for fire service personnel. Approach from upwind, evacuate personnel from risk area
Special Procedures: Cool fire-exposed containers with water spray, avoid using water directly on leaking containers
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate adequately, isolate hazard area. Avoid breathing gas, prevent contact with cold surfaces
Emergency Procedures: Remove ignition sources as a standard control measure, attend to those exposed first
Environmental Precautions: Prevent large releases indoors, alert building maintenance and emergency response. Carbon dioxide does not bioaccumulate
Methods for Clean-up: Allow gas to dissipate in a ventilated environment. For dry ice, allow to sublimate in a safe spot away from people
Handling: Protect containers from damage. Avoid rough handling, do not drop cylinders. Use proper equipment to transport
Storage Conditions: Store in well-ventilated areas at temperatures below 52°C (125°F). Restrain cylinders to prevent falling. Dry ice requires insulated, non-airtight containers
Incompatibilities: Avoid storing with flammable materials, strong oxidizers, acids, or bases that might react with high concentrations of gas or pressure
Technical Measures: Ensure attachment points for gas delivery are leak-checked and rated for cylinder pressure
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 5,000 ppm (9,000 mg/m³) TWA; ACGIH TLV: 5,000 ppm TWA, 30,000 ppm STEL
Engineering Controls: Ensure proper ventilation, local exhaust as needed, use atmospheric monitors in confined areas
Personal Protective Equipment: Eye protection (goggles/safety glasses), insulated gloves for handling dry ice or cold cylinders, closed footwear. Respirators only in emergencies where oxygen displacement risk exists
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after use, remove contaminated clothing for cleaning, do not eat or drink during handling
Physical State: Gas at room temperature, solid as dry ice below -78.5°C
Appearance: Colorless, odorless gas; white snow-like appearance in solid form
Odor: Odorless
Boiling Point: -78.5°C (sublimes directly from solid to gas)
Melting Point: Not applicable (sublimation point)
Vapor Pressure: 5.72 MPa at 20°C (liquid phase under pressure)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, forms carbonic acid
Density: 1.98 kg/m³ (gas at 0°C, 1 atm)
pH: Forms acidic solution in water
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling
Conditions to Avoid: Do not store in sealed containers without pressure relief. Avoid excessive heat near pressurized containers
Materials to Avoid: Alkali metals, magnesium, lithium, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents in presence of high concentrations
Hazardous Decomposition Products: None under recommended conditions
Polymerization: Will not occur
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, contact with cold surfaces
Acute Effects: At 1% atmospheric concentration, tiredness and minor effects. At 3-5%, increased heart rate, breathing difficulties. Above 10%, unconsciousness or death from suffocation possible
Chronic Effects: No known long-term toxic effects, not classified as a carcinogen or mutagen
Symptoms: Dizziness, headache, rapid breathing, confusion, loss of consciousness
LD50/LC50: Data not applicable, risk comes from displacement of oxygen rather than toxicity
Persistence and Degradability: Naturally cycles in atmosphere, readily absorbed by plants in photosynthesis
Bioaccumulation Potential: Does not bioaccumulate in living organisms
Aquatic Toxicity: No significant impact at environmental concentrations
Mobility in Soil: Moves freely through soil to atmosphere, not expected to impact groundwater
Other Effects: Contributes to atmospheric greenhouse effect in significant releases, best practice is minimizing unnecessary releases
Waste Disposal: Release gas in a controlled, outdoor, well-ventilated area away from people or buildings. For dry ice, allow to sublimate naturally
Contaminated Packaging: Return pressurised cylinders to supplier, do not incinerate or puncture
Regulatory Requirements: Follow local and national regulations for gas discharges and cylinder return
UN Number: UN1013 (Carbon Dioxide, compressed), UN1845 (Carbon Dioxide, solid or dry ice)
Proper Shipping Name: Carbon Dioxide or Dry Ice
Transport Hazard Class: 2.2 (Non-flammable, non-toxic gas)
Packing Group: Not applicable
Labels Required: Non-flammable gas label (Class 2) for cylinders, special markings for dry ice with “asphyxiant” warnings
Special Precautions: Secure cylinders upright, protect from mechanical shock, keep away from direct sunlight
OSHA: Covered under Hazard Communication Standard, requires labeling and Safety Data Sheets in workplaces
EPA: Not regulated as a hazardous waste under RCRA, not listed as Extremely Hazardous Substance
TSCA: Listed in chemical inventory
DOT: Regulated for transport under hazardous materials rules
WHMIS (Canada): Class A: Compressed Gas
REACH/CLP (EU): Requires hazard labeling and safe handling instructions
West Ujimqin Banner, Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia, China
